Deaf individuals have been found to score lower than hearing individuals across a variety of memory tasks involving both verbal and nonverbal stimuli, particularly those requiring retention of serial order. Deaf individuals who are native signers, meanwhile, have been found to score higher on visual-spatial memory tasks than on verbal-sequential…

It is frequently assumed that deaf individuals have superior visual-spatial abilities relative to hearing peers and thus, in educational settings, they are often considered visual learners. There is some empirical evidence to support the former assumption, although it is inconsistent, and apparently none to support the latter. Three experiments…

Relations among short-term auditory memory, short-term visual memory, vocabulary knowledge, and intra-and intermodal matching of trigrams were examined with first graders. Multiple Rs were significant for 3 of 4 matching conditions. Only bilingualism accounted for significant variance in visual-auditory task performance or reading achievement.…