This investigation explored the relationship between scholastic grades in science in junior and senior high school students and ability of students to perform formal operational tasks. The findings indicated that at certain grade levels and in certain subject areas, public school science students who demonstrate formal operational logic tend to…

Two school entrance assessments were compared to determine whether or not they are theoretically unique approaches to kindergarten screening. The first test was the "Brigance K and 1 Screen" (Brigance, 1982), a kindergarten entrance assessment which focuses on perceptual-motor development, background experience, and rote memory as…

The second of three volumes, this document provides a description of the coding system, the rules and the procedures followed in interpreting and classifying 4,896 statements of desired program effects on Head Start children. The statements had been identified and rated by parents, staff and teachers in Input Workshops conducted by the Head Start…

Presents a study to examine the effects of a verbal teaching strategy versus a strategy providing instruction using activities and manipulatives in four seventh grade earth science classes with students of varying cognitive abilities (n=83). Results indicate that students with more cognitive structures perform better and that using manipulatives…

To test whether gains in cognitive development can be accelerated, an intervention model was used to give pupils special lessons in science, using ideas of cognitive conflict, metacognition, and bridging in the context of formal operations. Found that intervention led to substantial and long-lasting increased achievement in science, mathematics,…

This longitudinal study examined the multiple influences of social class and family socialization on intelligence at age 7, and on the development of cognitive competence from age 7 through age 15 in a sample of 121 urban Icelandic children and adolescents. Socialization condition was defined as sources of parental support and control strategies,…

The third of three volumes, this document provides (1) a reduced list of child development characteristics obtained from parents, teachers, and staff participating in Head Start Input Workshops set up to identify desirable program effects; (2) a Tabulation of Importance Ratings, showing how workshop participants valued specific statements of child…