Discusses the French educational reforms between 1969 and 1985, examining their effects on the teaching of history and geography, which are mandatory throughout pre-university education. Writing for elementary school teachers, Marbeau considers the construction of knowledge in children aged 6 to 11, in history, geography, and the social sciences.…

Cognitive theory and research are relevant to vocational education. Three theoretical perspectives underlie cognitive theory-based curriculum and instruction: information processing, knowledge structure, and social history. A review of these perspectives in vocational curriculum and instruction suggests that instruction supporting higher-level…

Discusses a new approach to mathematics education that moves away from methods that tell students what to do and toward methods that help students build mental representations of mathematical concepts. Contrasts the previous and emerging views and examines aspects of the new approach. (26 references) (MDH)