For many students with cognitive acquisition difficulties, cognitive notation is often challenging. Since the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations is an essential part of a student's educational it is important for educators to find meaningful ways of achieving this goal. The purpose of this paper is to…

Brown, Collins, and Duguid (1989) described cognition as "situated"--"a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used" (p. 32)--and outlined the "cognitive apprenticeship" approach to teach "what" something is, as well as "how" knowledge can be used in order to help children create their own understanding. Similar…

Teachers should provide more real experiences for children rather than vicarious ones, in order to allow children's cognitive structuring processes to develop.

The use of cognitive entry behaviors and instructional techniques as a new avenue for researchers in science education is discussed. (JMF)

Developed in response to deficiencies in verbal and quantitative skills demonstrated by students entering New Jersey colleges and taking the New Jersey Basic Skills Placement Test, this overview is designed to help interested educators orient themselves to the important and rapidly growing field of thinking skills instruction. The Task Force on…

Emphasizes the need in communication education to balance the teaching of specific terminal behaviors with the teaching of cognitive learning. Suggests teaching methods for implementing cognitive goals in the classroom. (MH)

The paper reports the highlights of three learning models (behaviorist, cognitive, and humanist), and examines them for the guidance they offer for instruction and learning in shorthand. Included are the theories of Skinner, Gagne, Carroll, Bloom, Wittrock, Ausubel, Bruner, Dember, Nebes, Scriven, Anderson, and Rogers. (Author/AJ)

The conclusion of this study involving a treatment group and a group receiving no treatment was that teaching faculty could grow significantly in knowledge of teaching objectives, behaviors, skills, and processes in a training program. (RC)

Investigated the rationale for teaching psychology from the jr. high school level through college and compared the three principal contemporary approaches favored by psychologists. The author concluded that, of the three, only cognitive psychology provides a frame of reference in which knowledge can be seen as valuable in its own right. Available…

Teaching methods are recommended for dealing with particular learning and study problems experienced by students using a format which includes a statement of the learning problem, a description of a method for dealing with that problem, correct and incorrect examples of the use of the method, and an explanation of why the method works. The…

Educational accountability, as linked to changing socioeconomic attitudes and conditions, is noted to have contributed to the decline of the audiolingual method of language instruction. Following a discussion of the pedagogical implications and inadequacies of audiolingual theory, the author analyzes the nature of this teaching methodology, first…

The document explains the need for holistic social studies teaching methods, proposes a holistic model for use in a fourth grade social studies class, and places the model within the general context of social studies education. A holistic method is defined as a way of teaching which is cognitively and affectively integrated with individual…

A conceptual model is presented for the development of thinking skills by using an instructional model employing high level cognitive demands. "Distancing" is proposed as the concept to denote behaviors or events that separate the child cognitively from the immediate behavioral environment. Forms and functions of distancing behavior are…

This is a curriculum rationale developed as a preliminary to the development and testing of curricular materials in the slow learner classroom situation. Chapter one disucsses individual characteristics and a definition of a slow learner. The remainder of the report analyzes approaches to teaching, taking into consideration these characteristics.…

The kind of literacy education currently valued in America has been ineffective in teaching more thoughtful literacy skills. A sociocognitive approach to literacy instruction focuses on developing the thinking skills that students will use as they engage in socially purposeful activities. Teachers, tests, and instructional materials in this…