The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of both formative and summative assessment in Taiwan and the United States. The focus is on the comparisons between undergraduate and graduate students and between U.S. and Taiwanese students in their attitudes toward the use of assessment in higher education. Responses from 349 undergraduate and…

In the past decades, income inequality has risen in most developed countries. There is growing interest among economists in international comparisons of economic and educational mobility. This is aided by the availability of internationally comparable, large-scale data. The present paper aims to make three contributions. First, we introduce the…

Studies of international mathematics achievement such as the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) have employed classical test theory and item response theory to rank individuals within a latent ability continuum. Although these approaches have provided insights into comparisons between countries, they have yet to examine how specific…

Measuring student intelligence has been problematic in the United States since standardized testing first began in the early 1900s. The omnipresence of standardized testing in student populations is illustrated by the most popular contemporary tests which are used by some scholars to advance the notion that intelligence differences between whites…

Reported are the results of a study of the Piagetian formal thought range of 3600 students, 13 to 15 years old, in seven countries: Denmark, Sweden, Italy, United States, Austria, Germany, and Great Britain. Cognitive measurement was obtained by group administration of two tasks to assess proportional reasoning and control of variables. Overall…

Youth violence is a serious global public health problem. Despite a decline in homicide rates across the United States during the 1990s, homicide rates are again rising and continue to claim the lives of many young people. The human and economic toll of violence on young people, their families, and society is high. Homicide is the second leading…

The conceptions of information needs of seven American and seven Swedish mechanics employed by a Swedish multinational machine industry are compared by using perspective text analysis to analyze their verbal responses to three open-ended questions concerning their need for work-related information. The structures embedded in the texts are…

A theory and test of cross-cultural transportability of measurement were constructed on a logico-mathematical basis regarding the deductive measures and on a basis of syntactic reduction and Latin-based vocabulary regarding the linguistic measuring medium. A pilot study was administered in Spain, France, and the United States. (Author/PN)

Describes a cross-cultural comparative study of recall memory among children from two Guatemalan towns and one American city. (CM)