Automaticity allows us to perform tasks in a fast, efficient, and effortless manner after sufficient practice. Theories of automaticity propose that across practice processing transitions from being controlled by working memory to being controlled by long-term memory retrieval. Recent event-related potential (ERP) studies have sought to test this…

Whereas neuroimaging studies of healthy subjects have demonstrated an association between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and cognitive control functions, including response monitoring and error detection, lesion studies are sparse and have produced mixed results. Due to largely normal behavioral test results in two patients with medial…

Decades of research have demonstrated that deaf children generally lag behind hearing peers in terms of academic achievement, and that lags in some areas may never be overcome fully. Hundreds of research and intervention studies have been aimed at improving the situation, but they have resulted in only limited progress. This paper examines…

The period from adolescence through young adulthood is one of great promise and vulnerability. As teenagers approach maturity, they must develop and apply the skills and habits necessary to navigate adulthood and compete in an ever more technological and globalized world. But as parents and researchers have long known, there is a crucial dichotomy…

Article supports a duoprocess theory of concept identification which assumes semi-independent and sequential dimension selection and paired-associate learning. (Author)

Professor Postman is in agreement with Professor Gagne's view that valid measurement of learning outcomes is an essential part of the evaluation of educational systems. The paper stresses that the categorization of outcomes and measuring operations should be regarded as flexible heuristic devices, and that it is desirable to guard against the risk…

Reform in science and mathematics has moved from rote learning of facts and computation skills toward the learning of a structure of a subject matter. At present there is little empirical evidence to support any contentions that there is a match between the subject-structure taught and the cognition in subjects' memories resulting from the…

The research on cognitive style suggests that there is tremendous variability in the way in which individuals process information and hence in the manner in which they approach individualized instructional programs. (Author)

The aims of this paper are to affirm the importance of developing sequential models of psychological process-particularly of such complex psychological phenomena of prime concern to theory and application as learning, problem solving, and creativity-and to argue that factor analysis has delineated component processes for these sequential models.…

The authors evaluate two tests, the "memory code" and the "image generation," which were given to a group of 33 seven-year-old children to measure their imagery performance while reading and listening to prose. Test results and practical implications for education are discussed. (Author/DB)

Chronically undernourished children of low socioeconomic status participated in a treatment program combining nutritional, health care, and educational features. By school age, the gap in cognitive ability between the treated children and a group of privileged children had narrowed. The effect was greater for the youngest preschoolers entering the…

Study suggests that an individual's preferred ways of perceiving and thinking reflect an integral aspect of his personality, and that a full knowledge of the one is essential to a full understanding of the other. (Author)

AN EXPLORATION INTO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE LEARNING OF VARIOUS AGE GROUPS WAS CONDUCTED TO OBTAIN DATA OF DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES FOR THE FORMATION OF LEARNING SET. THE OBJECT-QUALITY DISCRIMINATION LEARNING SET WAS STUDIED TO SEARCH FOR SYSTEMATIC RESPONSE PATTERNS, AND TO EXAMINE AGE DIFFERENCES. THE SAMPLES USED IN THIS STUDY WERE 53 NURSERY…