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Rini PL; Gayathri KS – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2024
Background: Dementia is a cognitive decline that leads to the progressive deterioration of an individual's ability to perform daily activities independently. As a result, a considerable amount of time and resources are spent on caretaking. Early detection of dementia can significantly reduce the effort and resources needed for caretaking. Aims:…
Descriptors: Dementia, Early Intervention, Recall (Psychology), Articulation (Speech)
Maxfield, Nathan D. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: Some psycholinguistic theories of stuttering propose that language production operates along a different time course in adults who stutter (AWS) versus typically fluent adults (TFA). However, behavioral evidence for such a difference has been mixed. Here, the time course of semantic and phonological encoding in picture naming was compared…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Adults, Stuttering, Semantics
Michel, Christine; Kaduk, Katharina; Ní Choisdealbha, Áine; Reid, Vincent M. – Developmental Psychology, 2017
Previous event-related potential (ERP) work has indicated that the neural processing of action sequences develops with age. Although adults and 9-month-olds use a semantic processing system, perceiving actions activates attentional processes in 7-month-olds. However, presenting a sequence of action context, action execution and action conclusion…
Descriptors: Infants, Adults, Age Differences, Cognitive Processes
Ito, Aine; Martin, Andrea E.; Nieuwland, Mante S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
We used event-related potentials (ERP) to investigate whether Spanish-English bilinguals preactivate form and meaning of predictable words. Participants read high-cloze sentence contexts (e.g., "The student is going to the library to borrow a..."), followed by the predictable word ("book"), a word that was form-related…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Measurement, Cloze Procedure
Guthormsen, Amy M.; Fisher, Kristie J.; Bassok, Miriam; Osterhout, Lee; DeWolf, Melissa; Holyoak, Keith J. – Cognitive Science, 2016
Research on language processing has shown that the disruption of conceptual integration gives rise to specific patterns of event-related brain potentials (ERPs)--N400 and P600 effects. Here, we report similar ERP effects when adults performed cross-domain conceptual integration of analogous semantic and mathematical relations. In a problem-solving…
Descriptors: Responses, Cognitive Processes, Brain, Cognitive Measurement
Kim, Albert E.; Oines, Leif; Miyake, Akira – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
This study investigated the processes reflected in the widely observed N400 and P600 event-related potential (ERP) effects and tested the hypothesis that the N400 and P600 effects are functionally linked in a tradeoff relationship, constrained in part by individual differences in cognitive ability. Sixty participants read sentences, and ERP…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Measurement, Semantics
Barber, Horacio A.; Otten, Leun J.; Kousta, Stavroula-Thaleia; Vigliocco, Gabriella – Brain and Language, 2013
Relative to abstract words, concrete words typically elicit faster response times and larger N400 and N700 event-related potential (ERP) brain responses. These effects have been interpreted as reflecting the denser links to associated semantic information of concrete words and their recruitment of visual imagery processes. Here, we examined…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Reaction Time, Responses, Brain
Coch, Donna – Developmental Science, 2015
While behavioral and educational data characterize a fourth grade shift in reading development, neuroscience evidence is relatively lacking. We used the N400 component of the event-related potential waveform to investigate the development of single word processing across the upper elementary years, in comparison to adult readers. We presented…
Descriptors: Reading, Grade 4, Elementary School Students, Brain
Paczynski, Martin; Kuperberg, Gina R. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
We aimed to determine whether semantic relatedness between an incoming word and its preceding context can override expectations based on two types of stored knowledge: real-world knowledge about the specific events and states conveyed by a verb, and the verb's broader selection restrictions on the animacy of its argument. We recorded event-related…
Descriptors: Memory, Semantics, Language Processing, Sentences
Kwon, Youan; Nam, Kichun; Lee, Yoonhyoung – Neuropsychologia, 2012
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the N400 is affected by the semantic richness of associated neighboring word members or by the density of the orthographic syllable neighborhood. Another purpose of this study was to investigate the source of the different LPC in respect to the semantic richness. To do so, the density of the…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Word Recognition, Semantics, Syllables
Goldstein, Abraham; Arzouan, Yossi; Faust, Miriam – Brain and Language, 2012
Novel metaphors are constantly created and some of them become conventional with repeated use. We investigated whether the processing of novel metaphors, as revealed in ERP waveforms, would change after inducing a metaphoric category merely by having participants explain the meaning of an expression. Participants performed a semantic judgment task…
Descriptors: Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Figurative Language, Brain, Cognitive Measurement
Martin-Loeches, Manuel; Fernandez, Anabel; Schacht, Annekathrin; Sommer, Werner; Casado, Pilar; Jimenez-Ortega, Laura; Fondevila, Sabela – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Whereas most previous studies on emotion in language have focussed on single words, we investigated the influence of the emotional valence of a word on the syntactic and semantic processes unfolding during sentence comprehension, by means of event-related brain potentials (ERP). Experiment 1 assessed how positive, negative, and neutral adjectives…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Sentences, Comprehension, Form Classes (Languages)
Kuperberg, Gina R.; Paczynski, Martin; Ditman, Tali – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
This study examined neural activity associated with establishing causal relationships across sentences during on-line comprehension. ERPs were measured while participants read and judged the relatedness of three-sentence scenarios in which the final sentence was highly causally related, intermediately related, and causally unrelated to its…
Descriptors: Sentences, Inferences, Comprehension, Brain
Junge, Caroline; Cutler, Anne; Hagoort, Peter – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Around their first birthday infants begin to talk, yet they comprehend words long before. This study investigated the event-related potentials (ERP) responses of nine-month-olds on basic level picture-word pairings. After a familiarization phase of six picture-word pairings per semantic category, comprehension for novel exemplars was tested in a…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Infants, Brain, Cognitive Measurement
Macizo, Pedro; Van Petten, Cyma; O'Rourke, Polly L. – Brain and Language, 2012
Many multisyllabic words contain shorter words that are not semantic units, like the CAP in HANDICAP and the DURA ("hard") in VERDURA ("vegetable"). The spaces between printed words identify word boundaries, but spurious identification of these embedded words is a potentially greater challenge for spoken language comprehension, a challenge that is…
Descriptors: Semantics, Oral Language, Speech, Comprehension
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