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Wojcik, Kevin; Chemero, Anthony – Behavior Analyst, 2012
One of the attributes necessary for Watson to be considered human is that it must be conscious. From Rachlin's (2012) point of view, that of teleological behaviorism, consciousness refers to the organization of behavioral complexity in which overt behavior is distributed widely over time. Consciousness is something that humans do, or achieve, in…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Brain, Behaviorism, Computers
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Schlinger, Henry D., Jr. – Behavior Analyst, 2012
Rachlin (2012) makes two general assertions: (a) "To be human is to behave as humans behave, and to function in society as humans function," and (b) "essential human attributes such as consciousness, the ability to love, to feel pain, to sense, to perceive, and to imagine may all be possessed by a computer'. Although Rachlin's article is an…
Descriptors: Anthropology, Philosophy, Cognitive Processes, Cybernetics
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Saxe, Geoffrey B. – Human Development, 2008
In his 1979 "Human Development" article reprinted in this anniversary issue, James Wertsch presented an approach to genetic analysis of the shifting regulation of problem-solving behavior in early childhood. In my reflections on Wertsch's seminal contribution, I discuss ways that subsequent inquiry built upon ideas he elaborated in the…
Descriptors: Social History, Investigations, Interpersonal Relationship, Genetics
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Ernest, Paul – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 1999
New forms of mathematical knowledge are growing in importance for mathematics and education, including tacit knowledge, knowledge of particulars, language, and rhetoric in mathematics. Highlights the importance of attending to rhetoric and the range of rhetorical styles in school mathematics, and the need for explicit instruction in this area.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Elementary Secondary Education, Knowledge Representation
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Gray, Eddie; Pinto, Marcia; Pitta, Demetra; Tall, David – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 1999
Considers the cognitive mechanisms available to individuals which enable them to operate successfully in different parts of the mathematics curriculum, such as children's arithmetic shows divergence in performance. Explains how students cope with the transition to advanced mathematical thinking in different ways, leading once more to a diverging…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Processes, Elementary Secondary Education, Knowledge Representation
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Molina, Maria Pinto – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1995
A model is proposed for the general abstracting process (using disciplines such as linguistics, logic, and psychology) that is based on a system of combined strategies with four stages: reading-understanding; selection; interpretation; synthesis. (Author/JKP)
Descriptors: Abstracting, Abstracts, Cognitive Processes, Comprehension
Horton, Forest Woody, Jr. – International Forum on Information and Documentation, 1995
Explores some speculative hypotheses on states of knowing and learning, and how these states and processes might be applied to artificial intelligence and expert systems development. (JKP)
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures
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Kuhn, Deanna – Child Development, 2000
Suggests that the study of memory needs to be situated within broader conceptual and research contexts. Examines how four contexts accommodate memory phenomena: (1) knowledge; (2) comprehension; (3) context/function; and (4) strategy. Suggests that memories are best examined as knowledge structures resulting from efforts to understand, and that…
Descriptors: Child Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Comprehension
Hart, Ann Weaver; Bredeson, Paul V. – 1995
Schools are professional work groups requiring the application of professional knowledge to constantly shifting educational challenges as adults work to help students learn. This paper describes a theory of professional visualization through which principals can make their professional practice consistent with their knowledge, values, and…
Descriptors: Administrator Effectiveness, Administrator Role, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Restructuring
Nelissen, Jo M. C.; Tomic, Welko – 1996
A cognitive or internal representation refers to an organized system of information which reflects certain, but not all, of the information about reality being represented. This paper considers various opinions, controversies, and debates about what representation is, how it comes about, and what forms of representation can be distinguished. The…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Psychology
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Koschmann, Timothy – Artificial Intelligence, 1996
Reviews Dreyfus's writings about human cognition and artificial intelligence (AI), and explains some of the implications of his position, particularly in education. Topics include Dreyfus' critique of AI, representationlaism and expertise, technology and its role in instruction, computer-assisted instruction, and intelligent tutoring systems. (JKP)
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Psychology
Mueller, Richard J.; Mueller, Christine L. – 1995
The cognitive revolution began in the 1950s as researchers began to move away from the study of knowledge acquisition and behaviorism to the study of information and the way it is processed. Four factors are discussed in chapter 1 as contributing to the increase in popularity of the "cognitive revolution" (increasing enthusiasm for the…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Behavioral Science Research, Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation
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Kinchin, Ian M. – International Journal of Science Education, 2001
Speculates about reasons for the lack of use of concept mapping as an instructional strategy. Concludes that the two main barriers to its extensive adoption are the epistemological beliefs of classroom teachers and the underlying philosophy of the curriculum. (Contains 45 references.) (DDR)
Descriptors: Biology, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, College Curriculum