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Nuttgens, Simon – Research Ethics, 2021
Ethical decision-making is inherent to the research ethics committee (REC) deliberation process. While ethical codes, regulations, and research standards are indispensable in guiding this process, decision-making is nonetheless susceptible to nonrational factors that can undermined the quality, consistency, and perceived fairness REC decisions. In…
Descriptors: Research, Ethics, Decision Making, Research Committees
Masnick, Amy M.; Morris, Bradley J. – Education Sciences, 2022
Data reasoning is an essential component of scientific reasoning, as a component of evidence evaluation. In this paper, we outline a model of scientific data reasoning that describes how data sensemaking underlies data reasoning. Data sensemaking, a relatively automatic process rooted in perceptual mechanisms that summarize large quantities of…
Descriptors: Models, Science Process Skills, Data Interpretation, Cognitive Processes
Trent Davis – Philosophical Inquiry in Education, 2024
This paper opens with a family anecdote in which my future mother in-law, when asked what wise advice she would offer undergraduate university students, replied, "I would tell them it's not going to be okay." Can we learn to keep engaging with the world despite its inevitable disappointments? I propose that Stoic philosophy, by…
Descriptors: Educational Philosophy, Undergraduate Study, Cognitive Processes, Emotional Intelligence
Bohlin, Karen Elizabeth – Journal of Education, 2022
Educational leaders are required to respond in real time to questions, quandaries, and cases that involve individuals in different contexts. They face an array of possible choices that exist in tension. Justice and fairness must coexist with mercy and compassion; in enforcing policy, compliance must make room for flexibility in special cases.…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Emotional Intelligence, Cognitive Processes, Self Motivation
Corlatescu, Dragos-Georgian; Dascalu, Mihai; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2021
Reading comprehension is key to knowledge acquisition and to reinforcing memory for previous information. While reading, a mental representation is constructed in the reader's mind. The mental model comprises the words in the text, the relations between the words, and inferences linking to concepts in prior knowledge. The automated model of…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Memory, Inferences, Syntax
Stanovich, Keith E. – Educational Psychologist, 2016
The Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded in 2002 for work on judgment and decision-making tasks that are the operational measures of rational thought in cognitive science. Because assessments of intelligence (and similar tests of cognitive ability) are taken to be the quintessence of good thinking, it might be thought that such measures would…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Tests, Cognitive Science, Intelligence Tests
Wilcox, Gabrielle; Schroeder, Meadow – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2015
Psychoeducational assessment involves collecting, organizing, and interpreting a large amount of data from various sources. Drawing upon psychological and medical literature, we review two main approaches to clinical reasoning (deductive and inductive) and how they synergistically guide diagnostic decision-making. In addition, we discuss how the…
Descriptors: School Psychology, Psychoeducational Methods, Clinical Diagnosis, Thinking Skills
Patton, Michael Quinn – American Journal of Evaluation, 2014
Theory and practice are integrated in the human brain. Situation recognition and response are key to this integration. Scholars of decision making and expertise have found that people with great expertise are more adept at situational recognition and intentional about their decision-making processes. Several interdisciplinary fields of inquiry…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Neurosciences, Recognition (Achievement)
Coghlan, David – Action Learning: Research and Practice, 2012
In Revans' learning formula, L = P + Q, Q represents "questioning insight", by which Revans means that insight comes out of the process of questioning programmed knowledge (P) in the light of experience. We typically focus on the content of an insight rather than on the act of insight. Drawing primarily on the work of Bernard Lonergan this paper…
Descriptors: Experiential Learning, Intuition, Scientific Methodology, Cognitive Processes
Teal, Randall – International Journal of Art & Design Education, 2010
Design thinking can be a powerful way to engage the world, allowing interactive understandings that are both analytic and experiential. When fully functioning, design thinking necessarily calls upon faculties often considered a-rational, a-causal and a-logical. Unfortunately, such faculties often give rise to academic suspicion. That is to say,…
Descriptors: Design, College Students, Cognitive Processes, Creative Thinking
Miller, Donna L. – Phi Delta Kappan, 2013
Although the human mind resists confusion, this feeling of disequilibrium nurtures learning. Newkirk, the author quotes, says intelligence is not a matter of being smart--it is the capacity to view difficulty as an opportunity to stop, reassess, and employ strategies for making sense of problems. These same habits of mind define reflection, a…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Problem Solving, Reflection, Attitudes
Bassett, Caroline L. – New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2011
Because wisdom is such a complex and multidimensional construct, it is difficult to study, much less to define. Based on the author's understanding, her definition of wisdom is as follows: "Wisdom is about human flourishing; it is having sufficient awareness in various situations and contexts to act in ways that enhance our common humanity." This…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Emotional Intelligence, Self Motivation, Social Cognition
Rich, Jennifer A. – Teaching English in the Two-Year College, 2010
In the context of the home culture, culturally relevant pedagogy aims to make young people "reflect hard on their choices about work and politics, and encourage them to become sensitive to issues of inequality and suffering, and social justice." That is, this pedagogy works to instill a critical consciousness in the students, one where they can…
Descriptors: Higher Education, Culturally Relevant Education, Cultural Influences, Popular Culture
McCloy, Rachel; Beaman, C. Philip; Smith, Philip T. – Cognitive Science, 2008
The utility of an "ecologically rational" recognition-based decision rule in multichoice decision problems is analyzed, varying the type of judgment required (greater or lesser). The maximum size and range of a counterintuitive advantage associated with recognition-based judgment (the "less-is-more effect") is identified for a range of cue…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Cues, Validity, Recognition (Psychology)
Kozhevnikov, Maria – Psychological Bulletin, 2007
The goals of this article are to elucidate trends and perspectives in the field of cognitive style research and to propose an integrated framework to guide future research. This is accomplished by means of a comprehensive literature review of the major advances and the theoretical and experimental problems that have accumulated over the years and…
Descriptors: Models, Heuristics, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style