The present research aims to assess literacy acquisition in children becoming bilingual via second language immersion in school. We adopt a cognitive components approach, assessing text-level reading comprehension, a complex literacy skill, as well as underlying cognitive and linguistic components in 144 children aged 7 to 14 (72 immersion…

The present study examines 5- to 8-year-old children's relation reasoning in solving matrix completion tasks. This study incorporates a componential analysis, an eye-tracking method, and a microgenetic approach, which together allow an investigation of the cognitive processing strategies involved in the development and learning of children's…

Learning to select optimal behavior in new and uncertain situations is a crucial aspect of living and requires the ability to quickly associate stimuli with actions that lead to rewarding outcomes. Mathematical models of reinforcement-based learning to select rewarding actions distinguish between (1) the formation of stimulus-action-reward…

Two experiments, involving 12 adults who stutter and 12 controls, evaluated the effects on speech response latency of picture naming tasks designed to place selective demands on lexicalization. The experiments investigated the effects of one-word versus two-word responses and a word's frequency of occurrence versus its number of syllables.…

A study was conducted among 64 students in an introductory psychology class at Yale University to clarify the components of syllogistic reasoning used in a syllogistic evaluation task. A modified form of componential analysis was used to decompose the syllogistic evaluation task with abstract content into the subtasks of encoding and encoding plus…

Although there seems to be widespread agreement that new approaches to studying intelligence should combine the differential and cognitive (information processing) approaches in isolating components of intelligence, researchers disagree about how the approaches should be combined and, consequently, about how elementary components of intelligence…

Examines principles governing the identification of a system of parameters for accurately describing student thought processes and discusses the parametric analysis of such thought processes, taking as an example problem-solving directed towards the explanation of physical phenomena. A 25-item reference list is included. (Author/JL)

An information-processing analysis of intelligence proposed by Eysenck and Furneaux was examined in an experimental study of semantic categorization and free recall by 11-year-old children of varying intelligence. Results, and implications of the results, are discussed. (Author/KC)

Recent studies of folk biology clearly reveal the detailed empirical knowledge of living things which is an important and characteristic element of pre-scientific cultures. This paper attempts a contribution to the study of such systems of knowledge by analyzing the comparable skills of a few American birdwatchers. The process of identification of…

The categorizations which humans make of the concrete world are not arbitrary but highly determined. In taxonomies of concrete objects, there is one level of abstraction at which the most basic category cuts are made. Basic categories are those which carry the most information, possess the highest category cue validity, and are, thus, the most…

Emerging data support the construct validity of component process variables of learning and memory within the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R; Brandt & Benedict, 2001); however, the test-retest reliabilities of such measures are heretofore largely unknown. This study reveals generally modest-to-low 1-year test-retest stability for…

The learning machine described in this paper acquires concepts representable as conjunctive forms of the predicate calculus and behaviors representable as productions (antecedent-consequent pairs of such conjunctive forms): these concepts and behavior rules are inferred from sequentially presented pairs of examples by an algorithm that is probably…

Three experiments were conducted to test the psychological relevance of objectively quantified word collocations. The first experiment showed that perceived frequency of word combinations roughly followed the objective count. Another recurrent quality of words, constructional tendency, was supplemented as independent variable in the two following…

A component skills model of reading is presented. On the basis of the model, five component factors are hypothesized: grapheme encoding, encoding multiletter units, phonemic translation, automaticity of articulation, and depth of processing in word recognition. The fit of the hypothesized component factor model is tested using covariance data for…

A project was organized to understand and identify basic variations in reading ability by its information processing components. Focusing on three major processing levels in reading--word analysis, discourse analysis, and integration of word/discourse analysis--preliminary research identified perceptual and cognitive skill components of reading…