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Maljaars, J. P. W.; Noens, I. L. J.; Scholte, E. M.; Verpoorten, R. A. W.; van Berckelaer-Onnes, I. A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: The ComFor study has indicated that individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show enhanced visual local processing compared with individuals with ID only. Items of the ComFor with meaningless materials provided the best discrimination between the two samples. These results can be explained by the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Rhetoric, Mental Retardation, Autism
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Menghini, D.; Addona, F.; Costanzo, F.; Vicari, S. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: The present study was aimed at investigating working memory (WM) and executive functions capacities in individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) as compared with mental-age matched typically developing (TD) children. Method: In order to serve the study goal, a sizeable battery of tasks tapping WM as well as attention, memory, planning,…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Development
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Leffert, J. S.; Siperstein, G. N.; Widaman, K. F. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: A key aspect of social perception is the interpretation of others' intentions. Children with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have difficulty interpreting benign intentions when a negative event occurs. From a cognitive processing perspective, interpreting benign intentions can be challenging because it requires integration of…
Descriptors: Cues, Mental Retardation, Rating Scales, Social Cognition
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Kogan, C. S.; Boutet, I.; Cornish, K.; Graham, G. E.; Berry-Kravis, E.; Drouin, A.; Milgram, N. W. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2009
Background: Standardised neuropsychological and cognitive measures present some limitations in their applicability and generalisability to individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Alternative approaches to defining the cognitive signatures of various forms of ID are needed to advance our understanding of the profiles of strengths and…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Recognition (Psychology)
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Pernon, E.; Pry, R.; Baghdadli, A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2007
Background: For many years, and especially since Waynbaum and Wallon, psychology and psychopathology have dealt with cognitive perception, but have had little to do with the affective qualities of perception. Our aim was to study the influence of the sensory environment on people with autism. Method: Several experiments were carried out using…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Stimulation, Autism, Tactual Perception
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Baddeley, A.; Jarrold, C. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2007
A brief account is given of the evolution of the concept of working memory from a unitary store into a multicomponent system. Four components are distinguished, the phonological loop which is responsible for maintaining speech-based information, the visuospatial sketchpad performing a similar function for visual information, the central executive…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory, Phonology
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Su, C. Y.; Chen, C. C.; Wuang, Y. P.; Lin, Y. H.; Wu, Y. Y. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2008
Background: Very little is known about the neuropsychological correlates of adaptive functioning in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study examined whether specific cognitive deficits and demographic variables predicted everyday functioning in adults with ID. Method: People with ID (n = 101; ages 19-41 years; mean education = 11…
Descriptors: Employment Level, Independent Living, Visual Perception, Models