Questions the theory of a common conceptual code for knowledge and shows that some of the claims for bilingual equivalence may be accommodated by notions of strategy, set, and skill. Suggests that means-specific representations may provide as plausible an account of knowledge as appeals to a common code do. (EKN)

Describes study which tested a dual coding approach to bilingual memory using tasks that permit comparison of the effects of bilingual encoding with verbal-nonverbal dual encoding items. Results provide strong support for a version of the independent or separate stories view of bilingual memory. (Author/BK)

A study is reported in which generic assertions, based on inductive and deductive evidence providing varying degrees of support, were presented to subjects for acceptance or rejection. The results show that generalization power (probability of generic agreement) is influenced primarily by inherent verb characteristics. (Author/RM)

Three experiments were performed, based on the two hypotheses about the rejection of false statements. False statements are rejected because they are "contradictory sentences," i.e., there is a subject/predicate contradiction, and "counterexample sentences," which are rejected when a person thinks of a counterexample to the assertion. (SC)

Subjects memorized subject-verb-object propositions and then judged whether verb-object probes appeared in the same proposition. Reaction times and error rates were observed. Data indicate that activation spreads from probe concepts in parallel through the propositional network. A guessing model for errors was constructed. (CHK)

Two experiments tested the Conceptual Dependency Theory, stating that verbs are represented in memory as combinations of actions and relations encoding underlying conceptual structure. Experiment I results supported the conceptual complexity hypothesis, while II rejected complexity for imagery as the predictor of performance. (CHK)

Examines some of the issues that underlie the conceptual structure of the computational approach to cognition. Finds that this approach construes symbolization too narrowly, thereby blocking more adequate treatments of learning and acquisition of skills. Discusses the notion of symbol and symbolization and suggests an alternative approach to the…

Research supported in part by a Public Health Service Research grant from the National Institute of Mental Health. (VM)

Presents experiments which compare two theories of memory for routine events, one emphasizing temporal sequence of events, the other focusing on events' hierarchical structure or centrality. Findings suggest that sequence and centrality information may be computed as needed, rather than precompiled. (Author/BK)

Decisions about whether pairs of letter strings are both words or not are faster for semantically related words than unrelated words. Two experiments showed the semantic relatedness effect is greatly reduced when orthographically illegal, unpronounceable strings were used as negative items. Lexical decisions involve options on codes representing…

Experiments were designed to estimate separately time required to encode the premises of a three-term series problem and time required to generate an answer. It appears that marked and unmarked adjectives are stored in the same form and premises are integrated into a unified representation. (CHK)

Two experiments are reported to distinguish between the representation of sentences in immediate versus longer-term memory. It is indicated that the immediate representation is a verbatim image of the sentence but at delays there are both verbatim images and propositional representations. (Author/RM)

A study testing two theories about the processing of ambiguous sentences is reported. Results suggest that parallel processing and reciprocal interactions underlie the comprehension of ambiguous sentences. (RM)

Discusses experiments testing the adequacy of the common attribute-value representation for knowledge about concepts. (AM)

After reading stories written in either chronological or flashback sequence, subjects made a decision about the underlying order of occurrence of two events. Results indicate that subjects based their responses on a memory representation, which preserved the input sequence of events. (Author/EJS)