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Patterns of Adaptive Learning…1
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Shen, Xinxu; Ballard, Ian C.; Smith, David V.; Murty, Vishnu P. – Learning & Memory, 2022
Humans actively seek information to reduce uncertainty, providing insight on how our decisions causally affect the world. While we know that episodic memories can help support future goal-oriented behaviors, little is known about how hypothesis testing during exploration influences episodic memory. To investigate this question, we designed a…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Goal Orientation, Hypothesis Testing, Cognitive Processes
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Kelly, Laura Jane; Heit, Evan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
How does the concurrent use of language affect perception and memory for exemplars? Labels cue more general category information than a specific exemplar. Applying labels can affect the resulting memory for an exemplar. Here 3 alternative hypotheses are proposed for the role of labeling an exemplar at encoding: (a) labels distort memory toward the…
Descriptors: Language Usage, Memory, Cues, Hypothesis Testing
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Langerock, Naomi; Vergauwe, Evie; Dirix, Nicolas; Barrouillet, Pierre – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Working memory, the system allowing for a simultaneous maintenance and processing of information, is typically conceived as a capacity limited system. A proposed method to transcend its standard maintenance capacity is to maintain multifeature objects, instead of isolated features. Several studies have shown that multifeature memory items are…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Hypothesis Testing, Visual Stimuli
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Sewell, David K.; Lilburn, Simon D.; Smith, Philip L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
A central question in working memory research concerns the degree to which information in working memory is accessible to other cognitive processes (e.g., decision-making). Theories assuming that the focus of attention can only store a single object at a time require the focus to orient to a target representation before further processing can…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Attention, Reaction Time
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Huang, Po-Sheng; Chen, Hsueh-Chih – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2016
The main purpose of this study was to examine possible gender differences in how junior high school students integrate printed texts and diagrams while solving science problems. We proposed the response style hypothesis and the spatial working memory hypothesis to explain possible gender differences in the integration process. Eye-tracking…
Descriptors: Junior High School Students, Gender Differences, Eye Movements, Problem Solving
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Caplan, Jeremy B.; Boulton, Kathy L.; Gagné, Christina L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Early verbal-memory researchers assumed participants represent memory of a pair of unrelated items with 2 independent, separately modifiable, directional associations. However, memory for pairs of unrelated words (A-B) exhibits associative symmetry: a near-perfect correlation between accuracy on forward (A??) and backward (??B) cued recall. This…
Descriptors: Paired Associate Learning, Cues, Recall (Psychology), Morphology (Languages)
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Liu, Min; Rosenblum, Jason A.; Horton, Lucas; Kang, Jina – Computers in the Schools, 2014
Given the growing popularity of digital games as a form of entertainment, educators are interested in exploring using digital games as a tool to facilitate learning. In this study, we examine game-based learning by describing a learning environment that combines game elements, play, and authenticity in the real world for the purpose of engaging…
Descriptors: Educational Games, Computer Games, Educational Environment, Educational Needs
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Zhao, Fang; Schnotz, Wolfgang; Wagner, Inga; Gaschler, Robert – Frontline Learning Research, 2014
Despite numerous studies on reading and multimedia comprehension, the usage of text and picture with different reading strategies has rarely become a focus of research. The current study aims to explore whether the usage of text differs from the usage of picture when readers follow different strategies of knowledge acquisition. In a…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Reading Comprehension, Reading Strategies, Illustrations
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Cranford, Edward A.; Moss, Jarrod – Journal of Problem Solving, 2012
Compound Remote Associate (CRA) problems have been used to investigate insight problem solving using both behavioral and neuroimaging techniques. However, it is unclear to what extent CRA problems exhibit characteristics of insight such as impasses and restructuring. CRA problem-solving characteristics were examined in a study in which…
Descriptors: Intuition, Protocol Analysis, Problem Solving, Cognitive Restructuring
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Ottmar, Erin; Landy, David – Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2017
Learning algebra is difficult for many students in part because of an emphasis on the memorization of abstract rules. Algebraic reasoners across expertise levels often rely on perceptual-motor strategies to make these rules meaningful and memorable. However, in many cases, rules are provided as patterns to be memorized verbally, with little overt…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Algebra, Outcomes of Education, Learning Processes