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Showing 1 to 15 of 28 results Save | Export
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Marina Pi-Ruano; Alexandra Fort; Pilar Tejero; Christophe Jallais; Javier Roca – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Partially autonomous vehicles can help minimize human errors. However, being free from some driving subtasks can result in a low vigilance state, which can affect the driver's attention towards the road. The present study first tested whether drivers of partially autonomous vehicles would benefit from the addition of auditory versions of the…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Task Analysis, Motor Vehicles
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Jennie K. Grammer; Keye Xu; Agatha Lenartowicz – npj Science of Learning, 2021
Activities that are effective in supporting attention have the potential to increase opportunities for student learning. However, little is known about the impact of instructional contexts on student attention, in part due to limitations in our ability to measure attention in the classroom, typically based on behavioral observation and…
Descriptors: Correlation, Classroom Environment, Attention Control, Diagnostic Tests
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Nesayan, Abbas; Asadi Gandomani, Roghayeh; Movallali, Gita; Dunn, Winnie – Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools & Early Intervention, 2018
This study investigates the relationship between sensory processing patterns and behavioral patterns in children. The population consisted of all children in Tehran city. Participation included 229 school and 155 preschool children. We collected data using the Sensory Profile School Companion and Conners Teacher Rating Scale. Results showed that…
Descriptors: Sensory Integration, Cognitive Processes, Occupational Therapy, Behavior Problems
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van Hulst, Branko M.; de Zeeuw, Patrick; Bos, Dienke J.; Rijks, Yvonne; Neggers, Sebastiaan F. W.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Task Analysis, Reinforcement, Therapy
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Arnett, Anne Bernard; MacDonald, Beatriz; Pennington, Bruce F. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Previous research on the etiology of ADHD symptoms suggests that neuropsychological differences may be present as early as birth; however, the diagnosis is typically not given until school age. This study aimed to (a) identify early behavioral and cognitive markers of later significant parent and/or teacher ratings of ADHD…
Descriptors: Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Effect Size, Neuropsychology
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Funes, Maria Jesus; Lupianez, Juan; Humphreys, Glyn – Cognition, 2010
This study assessed whether two well known effects associated with cognitive control, conflict adaptation (the Gratton effect) and conflict context (proportion congruent effects), reflect a single common or separate control systems. To test this we examined if these two effects generalized from one kind of conflict to another by using a…
Descriptors: Conflict, Cognitive Processes, Context Effect, Task Analysis
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Groom, Madeleine J.; Cahill, John D.; Bates, Alan T.; Jackson, Georgina M.; Calton, Timothy G.; Liddle, Peter F.; Hollis, Chris – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Impaired cognitive control has been frequently observed in children and young people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and might underlie the excessive hyperactivity and impulsivity in this population. We investigated behavioural and electrophysiological indices relevant to one domain of cognitive control; namely…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorders, Adolescents
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Fan, Jin; Gu, Xiaosi; Guise, Kevin G.; Liu, Xun; Fossella, John; Wang, Hongbin; Posner, Michael I. – Brain and Cognition, 2009
One current conceptualization of attention subdivides it into functions of alerting, orienting, and executive control. Alerting describes the function of tonically maintaining the alert state and phasically responding to a warning signal. Automatic and voluntary orienting are involved in the selection of information among multiple sensory inputs.…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Attention, Brain, Neurological Organization
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Fox, Nathan A. – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2010
Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament that can be identified early in childhood. Children with BI are socially reticent, withdraw from engaging unfamiliar peers, and often have problems in forming friendships. They are also at risk for developing anxiety disorders as they get older. There is, however, as much discontinuity as continuity in…
Descriptors: Early Adolescents, Inhibition, Anxiety Disorders, Withdrawal (Psychology)
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Risko, Evan F.; Blais, Chris; Stolz, Jennifer A.; Besner, Derek – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
Proportion compatible manipulations are often used to index strategic processes in selective attention tasks. Here, a subtle confound in proportion compatible manipulations is considered. Specifically, as the proportion of compatible trials increases, the ratio of complete repetitions and complete alternations to partial repetitions increases on…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Reaction Time, Stimuli, Attention
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Bramham, Jessica; Ambery, Fiona; Young, Susan; Morris, Robin; Russell, Ailsa; Xenitidis, Kiriakos; Asherson, Philip; Murphy, Declan – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2009
Executive functioning deficits characterize the neuropsychological profiles of the childhood neurodevelopmental disorders of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). This study sought to determine whether similar impairments exist in adults with ADHD (N = 53) and ASD (N = 45) in comparison with a…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Autism, Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorders
Cherkes-Julkowski, Miriam; And Others – 1997
This book reviews issues concerning attention deficit disorders (ADDs) in the context of a systems perspective. ADDs are viewed as resulting from dynamic interactions of behavior, cognition, and affect, out of which emerge distinct and idiosyncratic ways of coping. Chapter 1 looks at the interaction of attention and behavior. In chapter 2, the…
Descriptors: Attention, Attention Control, Attention Deficit Disorders, Behavior Patterns
Dykman, Roscoe A.; And Others – 1984
This paper covers selected findings from three studies that compared different diagnostic groups: boys with attention deficit disorder (ADD) with or without hyperactivity (HY) but normal reading ability; boys with reading disability (RD) but not HY; and boys with both RD and HY. Studies examined an adapted task to assess frontal and temporal lobe…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Attention Deficit Disorders, Behavior Patterns, Cognitive Processes
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Anderson, Britt – Intelligence, 1995
The dendritic structure of layer II-III pyramidal neurons of the parietal cortex in 41 Long-Evans rats was compared to behavioral assessments of attention to novelty, response flexibility, and reasoning. A significant correlation between dendritic arborization and behavioral performance was not demonstrated. (SLD)
Descriptors: Animals, Attention, Behavior Patterns, Cognitive Processes
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Elsner, Birgit; Pauen, Sabina; Jeschonek, Susanna – Developmental Science, 2006
This report investigates the relations between duration of examining and heart rate (HR) across several trials of an object-examination task. A total of N= 20 11-month-olds were familiarized with a sequence of 10 different exemplars from the same global category (animals or furniture) before they received an exemplar from the contrasting category…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Infants, Classification, Physiology
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