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Roark, Casey L.; Lescht, Erica; Hampton Wray, Amanda; Chandrasekaran, Bharath – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Categories are fundamental to everyday life and the ability to learn new categories is relevant across the lifespan. Categories are ubiquitous across modalities, supporting complex processes such as object recognition and speech perception. Prior work has proposed that different categories may engage learning systems with unique developmental…
Descriptors: Children, Preadolescents, Adults, Learning Modalities
Stefanie Peykarjou; Stefanie Hoehl; Sabina Pauen – Child Development, 2024
This study investigated the development of rapid visual object categorization. N = 20 adults (Experiment 1), N = 21 five to six-year-old children (Experiment 2), and N = 140 four-, seven-, and eleven-month-old infants (Experiment 3; all predominantly White, 81 females, data collected in 2013-2020) participated in a fast periodic visual stimulation…
Descriptors: Cues, Visual Perception, Child Development, Infants
Sato, Sayaka; Casaponsa, Aina; Athanasopoulos, Panos – Cognitive Science, 2020
A growing body of recent research suggests that verbal categories, particularly labels, impact categorization and perception. These findings are commonly interpreted as demonstrating the involvement of language on cognition; however, whether these assumptions hold true for grammatical structures has yet to be investigated. In the present study, we…
Descriptors: French, English, Bilingualism, Monolingualism
Mareschal, Isabelle; Otsuka, Yumiko; Clifford, Colin W. G.; Mareschal, Denis – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Adults' judgments of another person's gaze reflect both sensory (e.g., perceptual) and nonsensory (e.g., decisional) processes. We examined how children's performance on a gaze categorization task develops over time by varying uncertainty in the stimulus presented to 6- to 11 year-olds (n = 57). We found that younger children responded…
Descriptors: Children, Eye Movements, Classification, Stimuli
Isolating Component Processes of Posterror Slowing with the Psychological Refractory Period Paradigm
Steinhauser, Marco; Ernst, Benjamin; Ibald, Kevin W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Posterror slowing (PES) refers to an increased response time following errors. While PES has traditionally been attributed to control adjustments, recent evidence suggested that PES reflects interference. The present study investigated the hypothesis that control and interference represent 2 components of PES that differ with respect to their time…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Interference (Learning), Cognitive Processes, Classification
McMurray, Bob; Danelz, Ani; Rigler, Hannah; Seedorff, Michael – Developmental Psychology, 2018
The development of the ability to categorize speech sounds is often viewed as occurring primarily during infancy via perceptual learning mechanisms. However, a number of studies suggest that even after infancy, children's categories become more categorical and well defined through about age 12. We investigated the cognitive changes that may be…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Classification, Child Development, Adolescent Development
Stavans, Maayan; Baillargeon, Renée – Developmental Science, 2018
Two experiments examined whether 4-month-olds (n = 120) who were induced to assign two objects to different categories would then be able to take advantage of these contrastive categorical encodings to individuate and track the objects. In each experiment, infants first watched functional demonstrations of two tools, a masher and tongs (Experiment…
Descriptors: Infants, Eye Movements, Visual Stimuli, Task Analysis
Buckley, Jeffrey; Seery, Niall; Canty, Donal – European Journal of Engineering Education, 2019
A substantial degree of empirical evidence has illustrated the correlation between spatial skills and performance in engineering education. This evidence has been foundational in the construction of educational interventions which have resulted in both increased levels of spatial ability and increased educational performance and retention.…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Engineering Education, Intervention, Academic Achievement
García-Gámez, Ana B.; Macizo, Pedro – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
We compared 2 learning methods for the acquisition of vocabulary in a second language (L2). In addition, the use of the new L2 words was evaluated both in isolation and within sentences. In the semantic method, L2 words and pictures denoting their meanings were presented and participants learned by practicing a semantic categorization task (to…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Vocabulary Development, Sentences, Semantics
Annis, Jeffrey; Palmeri, Thomas J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
The development of visual expertise is accompanied by enhanced visual object recognition memory within an expert domain. We aimed to understand the relationship between expertise and memory by modeling cognitive mechanisms. Participants with a measured range of birding expertise were recruited and tested on memory for birds (expert domain) and…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Expertise
Vincent, Irena – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: Research on language planning in adult stuttering is relatively sparse and offers diverging arguments about a potential causative relationship between semantic and phonological encoding and fluency breakdowns. This study further investigated semantic and phonological encoding efficiency in adults who stutter (AWS) by means of silent…
Descriptors: Semantics, Phonology, Cognitive Processes, Adults
Teng, Pei-Shan; Cai, Dengchuan; Yu, Tai-Kuei – International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 2014
The development of digital technology tool and the progress of animation design activities have led to great progress in the animation field. The storyboard is a type of media used to present animator ideas. Therefore, it is commonly viewed as fundamental to the animation industry. This study aims to discuss cognitive style- and gender-based…
Descriptors: Animation, Cognitive Style, Gender Differences, Stimuli
McDaniel, Mark A.; Cahill, Michael J.; Bugg, Julie M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
How does orthographic distinctiveness affect recall of structured (categorized) word lists? On one theory, enhanced item-specific information (e.g., more distinct encoding) in concert with robust relational information (e.g., categorical information) optimally supports free recall. This predicts that for categorically structured lists,…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Recall (Psychology), Word Lists, Cognitive Processes
Tu, Hsiao-Wei; Diana, Rachel A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
In recognition memory, "recollection" is defined as retrieval of the context associated with an event, whereas "familiarity" is defined as retrieval based on item strength alone. Recent studies have shown that conventional recollection-based tasks, in which context details are manipulated for source memory assessment at test,…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Memory, Recall (Psychology), Cognitive Processes
Vanmarcke, Steven; Van Der Hallen, Ruth; Evers, Kris; Noens, Ilse; Steyaert, Jean; Wagemans, Johan – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
In comparison to typically developing (TD) individuals, people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appear to be worse in the fast extraction of the global meaning of a situation or picture. Ultra-rapid categorization [paradigm developed by Thorpe et al. ("Nature" 381:520-522, 1996)] involves such global information processing. We…
Descriptors: Classification, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Task Analysis