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Hoffrage, Ulrich; Garcia-Retamero, Rocio; Czienskowski, Uwe – Psychological Record, 2008
Take-the-best (TTB) is a fast and frugal heuristic for paired comparison that has been proposed as a model of bounded rationality. This heuristic has been criticized for not taking compound cues into account to predict a criterion, although such an approach is sometimes required to make accurate predictions. By means of computer simulations, it is…
Descriptors: Cues, Heuristics, Prediction, Cognitive Processes
Juslin, Peter; Nilsson, Hakan; Winman, Anders – Psychological Review, 2009
Probability theory has long been taken as the self-evident norm against which to evaluate inductive reasoning, and classical demonstrations of violations of this norm include the conjunction error and base-rate neglect. Many of these phenomena require multiplicative probability integration, whereas people seem more inclined to linear additive…
Descriptors: Probability, Theories, Norms, Computer Simulation
Hattori, Masasi; Oaksford, Mike – Cognitive Science, 2007
In this article, 41 models of covariation detection from 2 x 2 contingency tables were evaluated against past data in the literature and against data from new experiments. A new model was also included based on a limiting case of the normative phi-coefficient under an extreme rarity assumption, which has been shown to be an important factor in…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Responses, Computer Simulation, Heuristics

Psotka, Joseph – Instructional Science, 1995
Describes virtual reality (VR) technology and VR research on education and training. Focuses on immersion as the key added value of VR, analyzes cognitive variables connected to immersion, how it is generated in synthetic environments and its benefits. Discusses value of tracked, immersive visual displays over nonimmersive simulations. Contains 78…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Computer Simulation, Educational Research
Brack, Greg; And Others – 1994
With the exception of a few key writers, counselors largely ignore the benefits that Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cognitive Psychology (CP) can bring to counseling. It is demonstrated that AI and CP can be integrated into the counseling literature. How AI and CP can offer new perspectives on information processing, cognition, and helping is…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Psychology, Computer Simulation

Kaplan, Craig A.; Simon, Herbert A. – Cognitive Psychology, 1990
Attaining the insight needed to solve the Mutilated Checkerboard problem, which requires discovery of an effective problem representation (EPR), is described. Performance on insight problems can be predicted from the availability of generators and constraints in the search for an EPR. Data for 23 undergraduates were analyzed. (TJH)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Computer Simulation, Difficulty Level, Heuristics

Schoenfeld, Alan H. – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1992
Reacts to Ohlsson, Ernst, and Rees' paper by initially discussing the costs of methodology that utilizes artificial intelligence (AI) to model cognitive processes. Raises three concerns with the paper: insufficient clarification of the meaning of conceptual versus procedural understanding of base-10 subtraction; realism of the learning model; and…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Processes, Computer Simulation, Educational Theories
Clancey, William J. – 1985
This paper describes NEOMYCIN, a computer program that models one physician's diagnostic reasoning within a limited area of medicine. NEOMYCIN's knowledge base and reasoning procedure constitute a model of how human knowledge is organized and how it is used in diagnosis. The hypothesis is tested that such a procedure can be used to simulate both…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Clinical Diagnosis, Cognitive Processes, Computer Oriented Programs
Holden, George W. – 1985
A technique for studying how parents think, make decisions, and solve childrearing problems, Computer-Presented Social Interactions (CPSI), is described. Two studies involving CPSI are presented. The first study concerns a common parental cognitive task: causal analysis of an undesired behavior. The task was to diagnose the cause of non-contingent…
Descriptors: Adults, Child Rearing, Cognitive Processes, Computer Oriented Programs

Bradford, James H.; Cote-Laurence, Paulette – Computers and the Humanities, 1995
Describes an experimental computer program that attempts to simulate a choreographers' knowledge and expertise. The user expresses a set of rules that describe some of the dynamic aspects of a dance. These rules are applied nondeterministically by a "rule driver" program. The rule driver embodies a heuristic algorithm. (MJP)
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Processes, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Oriented Programs