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Direct linkHarveson, Andrew T.; Hannon, James C.; Brusseau, Timothy A.; Podlog, Leslie; Papadopoulos, Charilaos; Durrant, Lynne H.; Hall, Morgan S.; Kang, Kyoung-doo – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2016
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine differences in cognition between acute bouts of resistance exercise, aerobic exercise, and a nonexercise control in an untrained youth sample. Method: Ninety-four participants performed 30 min of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, or nonexercise separated by 7 days each in a randomized…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, High School Students, Exercise, Control Groups
Eikmeier, Verena; Alex-Ruf, Simone; Maienborn, Claudia; Ulrich, Rolf – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Different lines of research suggest that our mental representations of time and space are linked, though the strength of this linkage has only recently been addressed for the front-back mental timeline (Eikmeier, Schröter, Maienborn, Alex-Ruf, & Ulrich, 2013). The present study extends this investigation to the left-right mental timeline. In…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Control Groups, Benchmarking, Time Perspective
Lartseva, Alina; Dijkstra, Ton; Kan, Cornelis C.; Buitelaar, Jan K. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
This study investigated processing of emotion words in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using reaction times and event-related potentials (ERP). Adults with (n = 21) and without (n = 20) ASD performed a lexical decision task on emotion and neutral words while their brain activity was recorded. Both groups showed faster responses to emotion words…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Reaction Time, Diagnostic Tests
Weaver, Starla M.; Arrington, Catherine M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
The current study explored the potential for hierarchical representations to influence action selection during voluntary task switching. Participants switched between 4 individual task elements. In Experiment 1, participants were encouraged to represent the task elements as grouped within a hierarchy based on experimental manipulations of varying…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Cognitive Processes, Persistence, Role
Holt, Anna E.; Deák, Gedeon – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
In simple rule-switching tests, 3- and 4-year-olds can follow each of two sorting rules but sometimes make perseverative errors when switching. Older children make few errors but respond slowly when switching. These age-related changes might reflect the maturation of executive functions (e.g., inhibition). However, they might also reflect…
Descriptors: Cues, Task Analysis, Executive Function, Control Groups
Scullin, Michael K.; Bugg, Julie M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Prospective memory (PM) research typically examines the ability to remember to execute delayed intentions but often ignores the ability to forget finished intentions. We had participants perform (or not perform; control group) a PM task and then instructed them that the PM task was finished. We later (re)presented the PM cue. Approximately 25% of…
Descriptors: Memory, Cognitive Processes, Executive Function, Experimental Psychology
Cleary, Laura; Looney, Kathy; Brady, Nuala; Fitzgerald, Michael – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2014
The "body inversion effect" refers to superior recognition of upright than inverted images of the human body and indicates typical configural processing. Previous research by Reed et al. using static images of the human body shows that people with autism fail to demonstrate this effect. Using a novel task in which adults, adolescents…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Human Body, Adolescents, Autism
Tomasino, Barbara; Ceschia, Martina; Fabbro, Franco; Skrap, Miran – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2012
The role that human motor areas play in linguistic processing is the subject of a stimulating debate. Data from nine neurosurgical patients with selective lesions of the precentral and postcentral sulcus could provide a direct answer as to whether motor area activation is necessary for action word processing. Action-related verbs (face-, hand-,…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Cognitive Processes, Patients, Verbs
Banaschewski, Tobias; Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine; Brandeis, Daniel; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Kuntsi, Jonna; Poustka, Luise; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.; Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Albrecht, Bjorn; Chen, Wai; Uebel, Henrik; Schlotz, Wolff; van der Meere, Jaap J.; Gill, Michael; Manor, Iris; Miranda, Ana; Mulas, Fernando; Oades, Robert D.; Roeyers, Herbert; Rothenberger, Aribert; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Faraone, Stephen V.; Asherson, Philip – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Background: Emotional lability (EL) is commonly seen in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reasons for this association remain currently unknown. To address this question, we examined the relationship between ADHD and EL symptoms, and performance on a range of neuropsychological tasks to clarify whether EL symptoms…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Siblings, Severity (of Disability), Patients
Correa, Angel; Miro, Elena; Martinez, M. Pilar; Sanchez, Ana I.; Lupianez, Juan – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Cognitive deficits in fibromyalgia may be specifically related to controlled processes, such as those measured by working memory or executive function tasks. This hypothesis was tested here by measuring controlled temporal preparation (temporal orienting) during a response inhibition (go no-go) task. Temporal orienting effects (faster reaction…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
Yan, Xiaodan; Zhang, Jiaxing; Gong, Qiyong; Weng, Xuchu – Brain and Cognition, 2011
With an increasing population living at a high altitude (HA), the impact of HA residence on human cognitive function has raised concerns. We recruited two groups of college students with one group born and grew up at HA until early adulthood and the control group born and grew up at near sea level (SL); the two groups were matched at age, gender…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Reaction Time, Physiology, Short Term Memory
Zipse, Lauryn; Kearns, Kevin; Nicholas, Marjorie; Marantz, Alec – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2011
Purpose: To explore whether individuals with aphasia exhibit differences in the M350, an electrophysiological marker of lexical activation, compared with healthy controls. Method: Seven people with aphasia, 9 age-matched controls, and 10 younger controls completed an auditory lexical decision task while cortical activity was recorded with…
Descriptors: Priming, Control Groups, Listening Comprehension, Reaction Time
van Deursen, J. A.; Vuurman, E. F. P. M.; Smits, L. L.; Verhey, F. R. J.; Riedel, W. J. – Brain and Cognition, 2009
Background: Decreased speed of information processing is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Recent studies suggest that response speed (RS) measures are very sensitive indicators of changes in longitudinal follow-up studies. Insight into the psycho-physiological underpinnings of slowed RS can be provided by…
Descriptors: Alzheimers Disease, Mental Disorders, Patients, Reaction Time
Uebel, Henrik; Albrecht, Bjorn; Asherson, Philip; Borger, Norbert A.; Butler, Louise; Chen, Wai; Christiansen, Hanna; Heise, Alexander; Kuntsi, Jonna; Schafer, Ulrike; Andreou, Penny; Manor, Iris; Marco, Rafaela; Miranda, Ana; Mulligan, Aisling; Oades, Robert D.; van der Meere, Jaap; Faraone, Stephen V.; Rothenberger, Aribert; Banaschewski, Tobias – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be…
Descriptors: Siblings, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Cognitive Processes
Teuscher, Ursina; Brang, David; Ramachandran, Vilayanur S.; Coulson, Seana – Brain and Cognition, 2010
Some people report that they consistently and involuntarily associate time events, such as months of the year, with specific spatial locations; a condition referred to as time-space synesthesia. The present study investigated the manner in which such synesthetic time-space associations affect visuo-spatial attention via an endogenous cuing…
Descriptors: Cues, Validity, Cognitive Processes, Spatial Ability
