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Direct linkBaker, Kathryn D.; McNally, Gavan P.; Richardson, Rick – Learning & Memory, 2012
The NMDA receptor partial agonist d-cycloserine (DCS) enhances the extinction of learned fear in rats and exposure therapy in humans with anxiety disorders. Despite these benefits, little is known about the mechanisms by which DCS promotes the loss of fear. The present study examined whether DCS augments extinction retention (1) through reductions…
Descriptors: Anxiety Disorders, Context Effect, Anxiety, Fear
De Leonibus, Elvira; Costantini, Vivian J. A.; Massaro, Antonio; Mandolesi, Georgia; Vanni, Valentina; Luvisetto, Siro; Pavone, Flaminia; Oliverio, Alberto; Mele, Andrea – Learning & Memory, 2011
Response strategy in the dual-solution plus maze is regarded as a form of stimulus-response learning. In this study, by using an outcome devaluation procedure, we show that it can be based on both action-outcome and stimulus-response habit learning, depending on the amount of training that the animals receive. Furthermore, we show that…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Task Analysis, Stimuli, Responses
Thompson, Brittany M.; Baratta, Michael V.; Biedenkapp, Joseph C.; Rudy, Jerry W.; Watkins, Linda R.; Maier, Steven F. – Learning & Memory, 2010
Activation of the infralimbic region (IL) of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) reduces conditioned fear in a variety of situations, and the IL is thought to play an important role in the extinction of conditioned fear. Here we report a series of experiments using contextual fear conditioning in which the IL is activated with the GABAa antagonist…
Descriptors: Fear, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Learning Processes, Conditioning
Pleskac, Timothy J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2008
A sequential risk-taking paradigm used to identify real-world risk takers invokes both learning and decision processes. This article expands the paradigm to a larger class of tasks with different stochastic environments and different learning requirements. Generalizing a Bayesian sequential risk-taking model to the larger set of tasks clarifies…
Descriptors: Models, Drug Use, Learning Processes, Decision Making
Smagula, Cynthia S.; Self, David W.; Choi, Kwang-Ho; Simmons, Diana; Walker, John R. – Learning & Memory, 2004
Cocaine produces multiple neuroadaptations with chronic repeated use. Many of these neuroadaptations can be reversed or normalized by extinction training during withdrawal from chronic cocaine self-administration in rats. This article reviews our past and present studies on extinction-induced modulation of the neuroadaptive response to chronic…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Neurology, Animals, Drug Use
Alonso, Mariana; Bekinschtein, Pedro, Cammarota, Martin; Vianna, Monica R. M.; Izquierdo, Ivan; Medina, Jorge H. – Learning & Memory, 2005
Information storage in the brain is a temporally graded process involving different memory phases as well as different structures in the mammalian brain. Cortical plasticity seems to be essential to store stable long-term memories, although little information is available at the moment regarding molecular and cellular events supporting memory…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Animals, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Neurology
