It is proposed that many phenomena of human hypothesis testing can be understood in terms of a general positive test strategy. With this strategy, there is a tendency to test cases that are expected to have the property of interest rather than those expected to lack that property. (Author/LMO)

ABOUT 70 FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS PARTICIPATED IN THIS INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL PRESSURE ON CONCEPT IDENTIFICATION TASKS AND ITS TRANSFER EFFECT FROM ONE TASK TO ANOTHER. THE SUBJECTS WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO FIVE EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS -- (1) A CONTROL GROUP WITHOUT FEEDBACK, (2) A VERIDICAL GROUP WITH CORRECT FEEDBACK ON THE TWO…

Reports on an experiment that trained children in memorization by offering explicit feedback emphasizing relationships between strategy use and recall. Finds that the understanding of feedback predicts strategy maintenance if subjects can re-elaborate this information, and prior metacognitive knowledge helps determine the ability to integrate new…

CYBERNETICS IN EDUCATION IMPLIES COMPLETE CONTROL OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS, WHOSE GOALS ARE SPECIFIED BY COMMUNIST POLICY. MODELS FOR INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESSES, INCLUDING BOTH LOGICAL ALGORITHMS, AND NON-ALGORITHMIC OR PROBABILITY PROBLEMS, MUST BE TESTED EXPERIMENTALLY SO SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES CAN BE STATED. THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS ITSELF MUST…

Studies which have utilized low-error-rate linear type programs have not been able to compare the effectiveness of various modes of feedback in correcting error in programed learning. In the present study using 75 university students, it was possible to correct errors without teaching erroneous material by using materials designed to teach 30…

This article has three goals: to set forth some general claims about the course of skill acquisition; to discuss a series of counter intuitive predictions derived from the ACT theory; and to review the state of empirical evidence relevant to these predictions. (LMO)

Presents results of an investigation into the cognitive engagement processes used by more and less successful learners in a computer problem solving game. Results show records of more and less successful students to be distinguished by spontaneous use of self-regulated learning processes. More successful students shifted to cognitive engagement…

Four to five-year-old children were asked questions on length involving single or double comparatives in a transitive inference task. The number of comparatives varied within or across pairs. The pairs of sticks were color-coded. Initial pair-wise discrimination training on four adjacent pairs from a five stick array with only verbal feedback was…

This investigation of the impact of feedback upon scrambled discourse was intended to show the effects of idiosyncratic processing and to provide a more sensitive indicator of feedback usefulness. Learner schemata, text organization, and feedback strategies interact in processing discourse, although past research has favored limited models…

The cognitive load and learning effects of dual-code and interactivity--two multimedia methods intended to promote meaningful learning--were examined. In Experiment 1, college students learned about the causal chain of events leading to the process of lightning formation with a set of words and corresponding pictures (Group WP), pictures (Group…

This paper, in both English and Spanish, offers a meta-model of the learning process which focuses on the importance of the reflective learning process in enhancing the quality of learning in higher education. This form of innovative learning is offered as a means of helping learners to realize the relevance of what they are learning to their life…

Time estimation is improved when the interval is filled with a motor response, with the proprioceptive feedback (PFB) presumably acting as a mediator. Altering the resistive dynamics of a handle moved 60 centimeters to fill a two-second interval manipulated the PFB from the response. Spelling aloud 2-, 3-, and 4-letter words during the motor…

Open-ended learning environments (OELEs) like microworlds have been touted as one approach for blending learning theory and emerging technology to support the building of student-centered understanding. The learning process involves developing a theory-in-action--an intuitive theory that is generated and changed by learners as they reflect upon…

A model of the teaching/learning system that categorizes the essential activities of teaching and learning and shows their interrelationships is proposed. An illustration of a model being applied to a teaching program is provided. (Author/MLW)