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Geary, David C.; Hoard, Mary K.; Nugent, Lara – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
Children's (N = 275) use of retrieval, decomposition (e.g., 7 = 4+3 and thus 6+7 = 6+4+3), and counting to solve additional problems was longitudinally assessed from first grade to fourth grade, and intelligence, working memory, and in-class attentive behavior was assessed in one or several grades. The goal was to assess the relation between…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Mathematics Achievement, Short Term Memory, Grade 4
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Arndt, Dominique; Sahr, Katleen; Opfermann, Maria; Leutner, Detlev; Fritz, Annemarie – South African Journal of Childhood Education, 2013
Recent studies showed that kindergarten children solve addition, subtraction, doubling and halving problems using the core system for the approximate representation of numerical magnitude. In Study 1, 34 first-grade students in their first week of schooling solved approximate arithmetic problems in a number range up to 100 regarding all four basic…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Mathematics Skills, Grade 1, Elementary School Students
Moser, James M.; Carpenter, Thomas P. – 1982
The focus is on the problem-solving behaviors of primary age children on one-step verbal or story problems involving addition and subtraction. When children are given a simple word problem for which they have not learned the necessary algorithms, they are often able to derive a solution on their own. This report focuses on the child-invented…
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Processes, Educational Research, Elementary School Mathematics
Moser, James M. – 1980
Strategies used by 150 children as they solved addition and subtraction verbal problems were studied over a period of one-and-a-half years. Number size and presence of manipulative materials were variables manipulated in individual interviews given at three separate intervals. Two addition and four subtraction tasks were used. Processes changed…
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education
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Carpenter, Thomas P.; Moser, James M. – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1984
Solutions to addition and subtraction word problems were studied in a three-year longitudinal study that followed 88 children from grades one to three. They solved problems using a variety of strategies before formal instruction and used invented strategies several years after formal instruction. Four levels of problem-solving ability were found.…
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Processes, Computation, Educational Research
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Denvir, B.; Brown, M. – Educational Studies in Mathematics, 1986
Three studies on the development of number concepts (counting, addition, subtraction, and place value) in seven- to nine-year-olds considered low attainers in mathematics were conducted. The search for a descriptive framework, the development of a diagnostic assessment instrument, and a longitudinal study are reported. (MNS)
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Processes, Diagnostic Teaching, Educational Research
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Geary, David C.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1991
Over a 10-month period, normal children showed an increased reliance on memory retrieval and a decreased reliance on counting when they solved addition problems. There was an increase in speed of counting and of retrieving addition facts from long-term memory. Children with a mathematical learning disability showed no change in problem-solving…
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Processes, Computation, Elementary School Students