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Download full textWagner, Martha; Johnson, Janet W. – 1975
This study explored the developmental changes in children's effective utilization of verbal versus pictorial stimuli in forming connections between stimulus and response elements in a paired-associate task. A total of 112 children (56 males and 56 females), half of them 4-year-olds and half 8-year-olds, were tested under eight conditions involving…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Early Childhood Education
Reese, Hayne W. – 1970
A skilled cognitive theorist might help behaviorists resolve inconsistencies found from their experimentation with imaginal mnemonics in paired-associate and serial learning tasks. Iconic cognition which relegates verbal processes to short-term storage and output systems is inadequate to explain the verbal coding and elaboration processes…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Processes, Conditioning
Short, Robert H.; And Others – 1974
The effect of presentation time on learning under varying mediation instructions demonstrated a time-dependent difference in the facilitating effect of imagery generation or sentence generation instructions. Subjects were junior high school students working in a paired associate task with concrete nouns. Both cognitive strategies were more…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Junior High School Students, Learning Processes, Mediation Theory
Ackerman, Brian P. – 1978
This study investigates the role of labeling in developmental increases in picture recall. In two experiments, the memory for pictorial paired-associates of first graders or second graders, fourth graders and adults was evaluated by means of a study-test cued recall procedure. In Experiment 1, the stimulus presentation duration (on-time) and the…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes
Snowman, Jack – 1979
This study assessed the effects of bizarreness, prompt modality, and prompt type for 144 five and eight year-old children on recognition memory of pictorial pairs. Presentation of stimuli was self-paced, allowing for the collection of study time and response latency data, as well as recording number correct. While both bizarre and nonbizarre forms…
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Cognitive Processes, Cues, Elementary School Students
Allen, Doris V. – 1969
Three experiments tested whether qualitative differences in processing of verbal materials result from congenital hearing impairment. Subjects were children with reading levels equivalent to grades 4 to 6. Experiment 1 used repeated measurements with two modes of response and two kinds of cues; experiment 2 used acoustic similarity to produce…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Auditory Training, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes
Bean, Joan P. – 1972
The facilitation observed when paired-associates (PA) are presented or generated in a meaningful string is a phenomenon that is well-documented, and raises a number of developmental issues. The principal objective of the current research was to examine the relationship between performance on an auditory PA task and the linguistic components of…
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Associative Learning, Black Students, Cognitive Development
