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Godfrey, Roxie V.; Manis, Kerry T. – Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 2017
To encourage males to enter the teaching field, specifically in family and consumer sciences (FCS), FCS professionals should participate in recruitment initiatives aimed at males. Administrators, teacher educators, career counselors, and FCS teachers can play a significant role in this comprehensive and systematic effort. This paper adopts the…
Descriptors: Males, Teacher Recruitment, Sustainability, Consumer Science
Beckmann, Joshua S.; Chow, Jonathan J. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Sign- and goal-tracking are differentially associated with drug abuse-related behavior. Recently, it has been hypothesized that sign- and goal-tracking behavior are mediated by different neurobehavioral valuation systems, including differential incentive salience attribution. Herein, we used different conditioned stimuli to preferentially elicit…
Descriptors: Incentives, Rewards, Correlation, Drug Abuse
Randell, Jordan; Searle, Rob; Reed, Phil – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
Schedules of reinforcement typically produce reliable patterns of behaviour, and one factor that can cause deviations from these normally reliable patterns is schizotypy. Low scorers on the unusual experiences subscale of the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences performed as expected on a yoked random-ratio (RR), random-interval…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Cognitive Processes, Behavior Patterns, Scores
Rodriguez, Nicole M.; Thompson, Rachel H.; Schlichenmeyer, Kevin; Stocco, Corey S. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
Of the diagnostic features of autism, relatively little research has been devoted to restricted and repetitive behavior, particularly topographically complex forms of restricted and repetitive behavior such as rigidity in routines or compulsive-like behavior (e.g., arranging objects in patterns or rows). Like vocal or motor stereotypy,…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior, Behavior Problems, Individual Development
van Hulst, Branko M.; de Zeeuw, Patrick; Bos, Dienke J.; Rijks, Yvonne; Neggers, Sebastiaan F. W.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Task Analysis, Reinforcement, Therapy
Salamone, John D.; Correa, Merce; Nunes, Eric J.; Randall, Patrick A.; Pardo, Marta – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2012
For many years, it has been suggested that drugs that interfere with dopamine (DA) transmission alter the "rewarding" impact of primary reinforcers such as food. Research and theory related to the functions of mesolimbic DA are undergoing a substantial conceptual restructuring, with the traditional emphasis on hedonia and primary reward yielding…
Descriptors: Pharmacology, Drug Use, Biochemistry, Reinforcement
Doughty, Adam H.; Oken, Gabriella – Behavior Analyst Today, 2008
Resurgence refers to the recovery of previously extinguished responding when a recently reinforced response is extinguished. Although the topic of resurgence has received limited experimental attention, there recently have been an increased number of investigations involving the topic. This increased experimental attention also has been…
Descriptors: Investigations, Behavior Modification, Communication Disorders, Reinforcement

Killeen, Peter R.; Fetterman, J. Gregor – Psychological Review, 1988
A theory of timing is proposed, based on the observation that signals of reinforcement elicit adjunctive behaviors. Transitions between these behaviors are described as a Poisson process. These behaviors may come to serve as the basis for conditional discriminations of the passage of time. (SLD)
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Behavior Theories, Cognitive Processes, Models

Brown, Sandra A.; And Others – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1980
Independent expectancies were that alcohol enhances social and physical pleasure, enhances sexual performance and experience, increases power and aggression, increases social assertiveness, and reduces tension. More global factors were related to light consumption. Increased expectation of sexual and aggressive behavior was found in heavier…
Descriptors: Alcoholism, Assertiveness, Behavior Patterns, Cognitive Processes
Brown, Sandra A. – 1983
Affective and physiological responses, interpersonal interaction, and alcohol consumption have been significantly correlated with cognitive factors in defining the behavioral effects of alcohol. To investigate alcohol reinforcement expectancies at the abusive end of the drinking continuum, 305 male and female adult alcoholics enrolled in alcohol…
Descriptors: Adults, Affective Behavior, Alcoholism, Behavior Patterns
Pate, James L.; Broughton, Elizabeth – Psychol Rep, 1970
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Patterns, Behavioral Science Research, Cognitive Processes
Aderman, David; Berkowitz, Leonard – J Personality Soc Psychol, 1970
Observes that different kinds of observational sets may elicit different empathic responses from the observers, and that these responses can influence the observers' subsequent willingness to be helpful. (MB)
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Behavioral Science Research, Cognitive Processes, College Students
Sherman, Steven J. – J Personality Soc Psychol, 1970
Descriptors: Attitude Change, Behavior Patterns, Behavioral Science Research, Cognitive Processes

Goldstein, Jeffrey H.; And Others – Social Behavior and Personality, 1981
Subjects either punished incorrect or rewarded correct responses made by a confederate on a learning task. In three experiments subjects were, interrupted midway through the learning trials. Half were individuated and half were deindividuated; they were provided a "hot-line" to summon the experimenter. Found no reliable methods for inhibiting…
Descriptors: Aggression, Behavior Change, Behavior Patterns, Change Strategies
Switzky, Harvey N. – 1995
This review covers the psychological literature of the last 30 years regarding the personality and motivational characteristics of individuals with mental retardation. The first section is a brief historical review and critical examination of the various conceptual models and theories regarding personality and motivational processes in persons…
Descriptors: Achievement Need, Anxiety, Behavior Patterns, Classroom Techniques