R. Ratcliff, P. Gomez, and G. McKoon (2004) suggested much of what goes on in lexical decision is attributable to decision processes and may not be particularly informative about word recognition. They proposed that lexical decision should be characterized by a decision process, taking the form of a drift-diffusion model (R. Ratcliff, 1978), that…

This article introduces "expertise-based training" (XBT) as an instructional design theory that draws on the theories, findings, and methods of expertise research in order to create instructional strategies that can hasten the development of advanced learners into experts. The central tenants of XBT are: 1) Key cognitive sub-skills that…

The author describes a course at Lincoln (Nebraska) Southeast High School designed to help students master thinking and decision-making skills. The course features cooperative learning and questioning strategies; it has three major strengths: (1) developing thinking and deciding skills, (2) using simulations, and (3) using older persons as role…

Discusses the design and test of a game simulation research instrument called "Television in the Courtroom" which is used in an attempt to determine the processes by which people deliberate and reach conclusions under conditions of uncertainty. (MH)

The article explores the value of simulation gaming for changing attitudes of gifted students concerning sex roles. Simulation gaming has considerable potential for reducing, altering, and changing attitudes concerning sex role limitations, since gaming involves devising plans and motivating appeals, in addition to role playing, negotiating,…

Maintains that literacy and informed decision making in an uncertain world require the ability to reason statistically. Describes a course designed to help students use statistical concepts as tools for social reasoning within simulations of real-world problems. Describes four types of instructional activities used. (CFR)