This paper attempts to clarify some of the issues raised in the author's earlier paper, "A Theoretical Perspective on the Relationship between Bilingualism and Thought" (Working Papers on Bilingualism, No. 1), as a response to Gerald Neufeld's critique, which appeared in No. 2 of the same series. The present paper argues that Neufeld mistakenly…

In this paper it is shown that one's conception of intelligence and its development profoundly affects the formulation of educational objectives. A mechanistic conception of intelligence leads to the definition of objectives as a collection of fragmented "cognitive skills" that have little to do with children's development of intelligence. A…

Drawn from a 1967 conference on gerontology, these 11 papers consider the nature of age changes (for better or worse) in high grade intellectual work and decision making of the kind found in industrial management and comparable walks of life. The first paper draws implications for higher intellectual activities from existing knowledge of age…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether creativity could be facilitated by a training method based on a salient characteristic of the creative individual, namely, his ability to synthesize elements from two disparate psychological entities: (1) visual experiences; and (2) emotional states. A four-session training program is described in…

A series of five interdisciplinary conferences held over a two-year period explored new teaching and training concepts and methodologies which offer powerful, symbiotic means of augmenting human cognition. The basic discussion points of the conferences are summarized. It was felt that the conferences were significant in that they brought together…

Children in eight classes of the 5th and 6th grades were randomly assigned to four groups. Group 1 received no training in creative dramatics; Group 4 was trained in the use of creative dramatics and were taught by the creative dramatics technique. Group 2 children were trained in the technique, but were not taught the material by the use of the…

Psychological and anthropological approaches to the study of human behavior are compared. Strengths and weaknesses of each approach are delineated, and the need for a combination of the two disciplines is stressed. The article focuses on cross-cultural studies of cognition and reviews three recent books in this area. (RD)

This study is based on three distinct elementary cognitive tasks using chronometric techniques: (1) the S. Sternberg memory scan task, (2) a visual scan task; and (3) the Hick paradigm. Certain parameters of the tasks are compared experimentally and correlationally. Subjects were 48 university students, tested and retested on the tasks in a…

Differences in performance IQs between deaf children of hearing parents (HP), deaf children of deaf parents (DP), and hearing children (HC) may be a result of differences in speed of information processing. DP adolescents were found to have faster reaction and movement times than HP or HC subjects along with equivalent IQs. (Author/VW)

Studies in intellectual development, brain organization, and learning are summarized. They show that neither intelligence nor giftedness are solely the result of cognitive functions. Both rely on the use of the total brain in an appropriate environment. Intelligence is dynamic. It must be used and developed or it will be lost. (PS)

Discrepancies between the K-ABC and its theoretical base of simultaneous and sequential mental processing; technical and design problems related to disproportionate subtest contributions of the Simultaneous Scale to the Mental Processing Composite; the method of subtest-specific variance computation and use in interpretation; and utility with…

Research on intelligent tutoring systems is discussed from the point of view of providing moment-by-moment adaptation of content and form of instruction to the changing cognitive needs of individual learners. Implications of this goal for cognitive diagnosis, subject matter analysis, teaching tactics, and teaching strategies are analyzed. (Author)

Summarizes an initial foray in tackling artificial intelligence problems using a connectionist approach. The task chosen is visual recognition of Origami objects, and the questions answered are how to construct a connectionist network to represent and recognize projected Origami line drawings and the advantages such an approach would have. (30…

Reports results of studies with an unsupervised learning paradigm called competitive learning which is examined using computer simulation and formal analysis. When competitive learning is applied to parallel networks of neuron-like elements, many potentially useful learning tasks can be accomplished. (Author)

Examined the pattern of verbal subscale scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised given to college students (N=129) and elementary students (N=383). Results showed a triangle pattern (Comprehension scores higher than both Vocabulary and Information) that begins to appear at the…