Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that readers make inferences if those inferences are necessary for the reconstruction of the writer's model. Each experiment involved the same 42 subjects who read a series of short passages. The first experiment examined inferences pertaining either to the underlying global situation of a…

Author used Fowler's models of stages of faith growth as a useful point of departure for the purpose of spiritual education. (Author/RK)

THIS THEORETICAL PAPER COMBINES FAMILIAR PSYCHOLOGICAL VARIABLES IN A NEW SYSTEM DESIGNED MAINLY FOR PARSIMONY. PRINCIPAL CONSTRUCTS ARE REPRESENTATION, (R) A UNIT OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY, AND M-VALUE, (M) A MOTIVATIONAL OR HEDONIC DIMENSION, OR THE PLEASANTNESS OF THE ACTIVITY OF AN R. A PROBABILITY-DECISION MODEL RELATES R'S AND THEIR AVERAGE…

The basic problem under investigation was the determination of empirical relationships between two models, developed by Piaget and Loyola University and employed in the assessment of cognitive processes in a problem solving context. Among objectives explored were: (1) investigation of the sensitivity of the intelligence test in distinguishing…

The author develops a model for adult cognitive development useful for providers of lifelong education. The model is based on a framework relating the receiving of information to gaining knowledge, leading to wisdom. (CH)

Examined the relation between cognitive distortion, as measured by the Cognitive Error Questionnaire, and both self-reported and interview-rated depression and disability in 92 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Found cognitive distortion significantly associated with depression, and also related to physical disability. Discusses the results,…

The ANDS (A Natural Deduction System) model, described in this article, is a psychological theory of propositional reasoning that makes explicit assumptions about memory and control in deduction. A computer simulation of the ANDS model yields proofs similar to those of untrained subjects. (Author/BW)

Proposes that a model of conflict resolution based on communication theory constitutes an effective approach to the learning of skills in conflict management. In this framework, it may become possible to change negative perceptions through cognitive processes as a basis for acquisition of conflict resolution skills. (Author/JAC)

The author reviews research on dyslexia, citing the public image and current thought on its nature, causes, and treatment. He then proposes viewing the condition from the perspective of cognitive psychology and outlines coherent curricula for reading and teaching based on the perspective. (CL)

An existing large data set, the Health and Retirement Study 2000 (HRS 2000) was used to explore the relationship between cognition and other factors for individuals aged 65 and older, with a final sample of 1,610 males and 3,549 females. Using structural equation modeling, the entire model was tested to determine if there were differences in how…

The authors examine two prominent learning theories, Bruner's cognitive approach and Skinner's operant conditioning approach, hoping to "construct a 'mix' of the two traditions that really has something to say to educational practitioners. (Authors/LS)

Literature on problem solving is reviewed, a conceptual scheme of problem solving is proposed, and several research issues related to the nature of problem finding and its relation to problem solving are identified. Some implications for educational practice are mentioned. (SW)

A framework for understanding how cerebral specialization of function contributes to the flexibility of human information processing is presented. The left and right hemispheres together form a system of two mutually inaccessible and finite pools of resources which cannot be made available in different amounts at any given time. (Author/RD)