The 10 rational processes (which include recalling and imagining, classifying and generalizing, comparing and evaluating, analyzing and synthesizing, and deducting and inferring) are examined from a cultural and historical perspective, with particular emphasis on the suprarational aspects of creative thinking. A three stage model for facilitating…

The distinction between competence and performance models in psycholinguistics is used to analyze current theory and research strategies in the study of cognitive development. The analysis is used to argue for the construction of performance models of cognitive skills which do not reify the elements of competence models. (Author/SS)

Develops a model of "knowing" and discusses the implications of this model for an understanding of the nature of developmental stages. (BD)

Describes the Data Information Knowledge Wisdom (DIKW) model of cognitive processes that human performance technology professionals can use to structure performance improvement efforts within a knowledge-intensive workforce. Discusses knowledge management and presents a summary of relevant wisdom studies and how they can be used for developing and…

Reports priming experiments that examined production of inflected forms. Participants produced words out of small sets in response to prompts. Results are interpreted in terms of a slot-and-filler model of word production in which inflectional frames on one hand and stems and affixes on the other are independently spelled out on the basis of an…

This paper explores connections between Kirton's Adaption-Innovation Theory of cognitive style and Koestler's bisociative theory of the creative act. The three Kirton factor/traits (sufficiency of originality, efficiency, and rule/group conformity) are integrated into Koestler's conceptual framework of the creative act which stresses the creation…

This article examines the state of knowledge on the creative process, especially mathematical-scientific, verbal, musical, and artistic imagery. A creative imagination imagery model is proposed which has three major dimensions: the environment, the individual (with both content and process components considered in terms of the Structure of…

Argues that the brain is the seat of cognition, that cognitive processes are neutral processes, and that, in the brain, affect and cognition are distinguishable but inseparable. This perspective allows a reconceptualization of the affective filter in terms of the brain's stimulus appraisal system, which interacts with cognition to promote or…

Discusses intelligence tests in relation to theory of cognitive processing which can serve as model for reconceptualizing cognitive functioning. Analyzes what is measured using Wechsler, Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Stanford-Binet IV, and McCarthy scales, and reflects on effectiveness. Suggests that Planning, Attention, Simultaneous,…

Examines psychological concepts and theories about people's restrictions in processing information, and relates the concepts and theories to multiple resource theory. Applies this approach to television viewing, and discusses four separate limiting factors. (SR)

A paradigm is presented for modeling the processes found in individual and group learning. Using combinations of dimensions of learner activities (by oneself or with peers) and orientation (toward the person or toward the group as the focus), four quadrants of activity-orientation learning space are derived. (SLD)

Proposes a theory of social cognition to account for the comprehension and verification of social information. The theory views comprehension as a process of constructing situation models of new information on the basis of previously formed models about its referents. The comprehension of both single statements and multiple pieces of information…

Describes a new theory of likelihood judgments based on D. L. Hintzman's (1984, 1988) MINERVA2 memory model. The model, MINERVA-DM (decision making), accounts for a wide range of likelihood-judgment phenomena. Extends the model to expert-probability judgment and shows how MINERVA-DM can account for both good and poor calibration (overconfidence)…

Proposes a model to account for the uses to which the individual puts formulaic language, and specifically, what determines the choice for that person of a holistic or analytic processing strategy at any given moment. Formulaic language is used to describe a phenomenon that encompasses various types of wordstrings that appear to be stored and…

Explores how people's understanding of a material is created and developed as they interact with it to find effective ways of promoting better image development when no prior information about a device is available. Reports that models from good learners who finished the task quickly were coherent and centered around the notion of…