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Peer reviewedMarkman, Keith D.; And Others – Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1995
Examined the effects of perceived control and close alternative outcomes on counterfactual generation (thoughts of what could have been). Subjects played a "wheel of fortune" game in which they controlled one of two wheels. Results supported the idea that people generate counterfactuals about events over which they have perceived…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Expectation, Individual Power
Peer reviewedRoese, Neal J.; Olson, James M. – Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1995
Examined impact of outcome controllability on counterfactual thoughts (thoughts of what could have been). Two studies showed that outcome controllability affected counterfactual direction: thoughts on how things could have been better were more frequent following controllable outcomes, and thoughts on how things could have been worse followed…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Expectation, Individual Power
Peer reviewedCarr, Thomas H.; Curran, Tim – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 1994
Addressed three issues in a description of techniques used to study how people learn structured sequences. These are the content of what is learned, the role of conscious awareness in syntactic learning, and the role of limited-capacity processing or focal attention in syntactic learning. (Contains 86 references.) (Author)
Descriptors: Attention, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures, Fixed Sequence
Harris, Jill L.; Mosley, James L. – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1992
Twenty-four adults with mild mental retardation were compared with equal-mental age children and adults without mental retardation on tactile processing asymmetries. Results suggest that hemispheric processing is dependent on information processing requirements rather than type of stimulus. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Adults, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes, Handedness
Peer reviewedWainwright-Sharp, J. Ann; Bryson, Susan E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1993
A visual orienting task was given to 11 high functioning male adolescents and adults with autism. Findings suggested that autistic people have difficulty processing briefly presented cue information and problems disengaging and shifting attention within the visual modality. Results support previous ideas that attentional dysfunction may underlie…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Attention Control, Attention Deficit Disorders
Peer reviewedReznick, J. Steven; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Betts, Stephanie – Child Development, 2000
Two experiments used Visual Expectations Procedure to investigate development of expectations in infants up to 12 months old. Reaction time improved and the percentage of anticipations increased between 6 and 9 months using an alternation pattern or a complex pivot pattern, and between 4 and 8 months when using a left-right alternation or a…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Expectation
Direct linkAmbery, Fiona Z.; Russell, Ailsa J.; Perry, Katie; Morris, Robin; Murphy, Declan G. M. – Autism: The International Journal of Research & Practice, 2006
There is some consensus in the literature regarding the cognitive profile of people with Asperger syndrome (AS). Findings to date suggest that a proportion of people with AS have higher verbal than performance IQ, a non-verbal learning disability (NVLD) and impairments in some aspects of executive function (EF). However, there are few published…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Neuropsychology, Adults, Nonverbal Learning
Cashon, Cara H.; Cohen, Leslie B. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2004
The development of the "inversion" effect in face processing was examined in infants 3 to 6 months of age by testing their integration of the internal and external features of upright and inverted faces using a variation of the "switch" visual habituation paradigm. When combined with previous findings showing that 7-month-olds use integrative…
Descriptors: Developmental Psychology, Individual Development, Cognitive Development, Child Development
May, Mark – Cognitive Psychology, 2004
Imaginal perspective switches are often considered to be difficult, because they call for additional cognitive transformations of object coordinates (transformation hypothesis). Recent research suggests that problems can also result from conflicts between incompatible sensorimotor and cognitive object location codes during response specification…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes, Perceptual Motor Learning, Perception
Funk, Marion; Brugger, Peter; Wilkening, Friedrich – Developmental Science, 2005
In a mental rotation task, children 5 and 6 years of age and adults had to decide as quickly as possible if a photograph of a hand showed a left or a right limb. The visually presented hands were left and right hands in palm or in back view, presented in four different angles of rotation. Participants had to give their responses with their own…
Descriptors: Photography, Young Children, Adults, Spatial Ability
Pollak, Seth D.; Holt, Lori L.; Fries, Alison B. Wismer – Developmental Science, 2004
In the present work, we developed a database of nonlinguistic sounds that mirror prosodic characteristics typical of language and thus carry affective information, but do not convey linguistic information. In a dichotic-listening task, we used these novel stimuli as a means of disambiguating the relative contributions of linguistic and affective…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Linguistics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Auditory Stimuli
Archibald, Lisa M. D.; Gathercole, Susan E. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2006
Purpose: Investigations of the cognitive processes underlying specific language impairment (SLI) have implicated deficits in verbal short-term and working memory and in particular the storage and processing of phonological information. This study investigated short-term and working memory for visuospatial material for a group of children with SLI,…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Language Impairments, Short Term Memory, Children
Jarvis, Peter, Ed.; Watts, Mary, Ed. – Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2011
As our understanding of learning focuses on the whole person rather than individual aspects of learning, so the process of learning is beginning to be studied from a wide variety of perspectives and disciplines. This handbook presents a comprehensive overview of the contemporary research into learning: it brings together a diverse range of…
Descriptors: Learning, Perception, Cognitive Processes, Nurses
Kutnick, Peter; Brighi, Antonella; Avgitidou, Sofia; Genta, Maria Luisa; Hannikainen, Maritta; Karlsson-Lohmander, Maelis; Ruiz, Rosario Ortega; Rautamies, Erja; Colwell, Jennifer; Tsalagiorgou, Eleni; Mazzanti, Chiara; Nicoletti, Sandra; Sansavini, Alessandra; Guarini, Annalisa; Romera, Eva; Monks, Claire; Lofqvist, Monica – European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 2007
This study sought to identify and compare the characteristics of the social pedagogic context of cognitive activities in a sample of early education settings in six European countries (England, Finland, Greece, Italy, Spain and Sweden). Previous research concerning the social context within which cognitive/learning activities take place has…
Descriptors: Young Children, Rating Scales, Foreign Countries, Social Development
Download full textDake, Dennis M. – 1997
Using the metaphoric story device of two tribes, one that builds their culture around words and the other which depends primarily on visual perception, this paper suggests a distinctive mental paradigm at work within the society of artists, who pursue visual literacy through graphic ideation. The author discusses his education in art and his…
Descriptors: Artists, Cognitive Processes, Communication (Thought Transfer), Concept Formation
