To study age-related improvements in information processing, a release from proactive interference (PI) procedure was used with 144 children in conjunction with a running memory task. For class of item and acoustic similarity, evidence was found for PI release with age, but there was no evidence of a relationship between short-term memory (STM)…

Presents a broad perspective for memory research in counseling and levels of processing, and examines a series of hypotheses that are tied into current work in counseling. The overall heuristic of levels of processing is followed by an examination of the reformulations of the position and how these may result in testable counseling hypotheses.…

Reviews Piaget's theories concerning the development of operational thought which includes as a prerequisite the differentiation of oneself from all other phenomena, and presents an experiment in which first and second graders conserved the mass, weight, and volume of a ball of clay before they conserved their own mass, weight, and volume. (MB)

This study, supported by the National Science Foundation, "shows that the nursery school child remembers a set of pictures or objects better if the items are unitized, rather than arranged in a series. (Author)

Provides an introduction to both the history and literature of the role of memory in cognitive psychology. Discussions of aspects of cognitive learning theory are followed by short annotated bibliographies. A list of journals in the field is also provided. (CS)

Investigated effects of structured reminiscent intervention upon elderly cognitive functioning. Volunteers were given learning tasks using material from their past lives, asked to perform operations on new material, or given no treatment. Findings suggested stimulating cognitive functioning in older people is worthwhile, and memories can provide…

The author partially describes a few of the immanent qualities of dreaming imagery and metaphor. The concept of the ineluctable modality is introduced to illustrate the spontaneous synthesizing of cognitive and noncognitive elements. A short dream excerpt is shared to clarify the pervasive contrapuntallike depth of dreaming imagery. (Author/SJL)

Reality monitoring concerns the ability to distinguish knowledge that an individual has produced internally (through reasoning, imagination, etc.) from knowledge that was obtained through experience (or "externally"). A model of reality monitoring is proposed and discussed. (JKS)

A choice reaction time experiment was performed in order to assess the information processing characteristics of 12-year-old reading-disabled children. (Author/MP)

It is argued that the dialectical model of memory development seems more promising than behavoristic, information processing and contextual models. (MS)

Subjects memorized subject-verb-object propositions and then judged whether verb-object probes appeared in the same proposition. Reaction times and error rates were observed. Data indicate that activation spreads from probe concepts in parallel through the propositional network. A guessing model for errors was constructed. (CHK)

Priming is a nonconscious form of human memory. Presents evidence and reasoning that priming and perceptual identification are expressions of a single perceptual representation system. (YP)

Attempted to better delineate nature of simple reminiscence (recall of past experiences). Used constant comparative method to analyze transcripts of older adults' reminiscences and found that the process consists of four elements: selection, immersion, withdrawal, and closure. (Author/NB)

Responses to questions on 1984 Supplement on Aging to National Health Interview Survey revealed that two-thirds of interviewees reported never having episode of confusion during preceding year. For those who admitted occasional confusion, memory loss and forgetfulness emerged as single best predictors of how often respondent reported getting…