Concludes that (1) when women read advertisements, they screen them through their own personalities, including their personal and family marketing needs, and (2) the process they use to do this depends more on the product advertised and its usefulness than on the advertisement. (FL)

Reports that reading researchers are now debating whether reading is a bottom-up or top-down process. (FL)

Results showed that students in grades two and four could be differentiated on the basis of simultaneous-successive factor scores and that the differentiation into high-high and low-low cognitive processing subgroups also differentiated Ss in their phonological awareness, disambiguation of ambiguities, appreciation of incongruities and riddles,…

Examines the reading and writing processes and their interdependence and urges the language arts instructor to be an audience for children's writing and to help them become aware that what they read is someone else's writing. (HTH)

Using recall for connected discourse processed under three semantic and three orthographic inference conditions as well as a control, hypotheses of superior delayed recall for semantic processing conditions and "reversals" from immediate to delayed recall were tested. (HOD)

Discusses whether the learning of separate subskills is a prerequisite for learning to read and whether the reading process actually is made up of many different skills. (FL)

Contends that Jean Piaget's theories may be helpful in three areas of reading instruction: (1) when reading instruction should begin and how it should proceed, (2) the effect of the mature reader's cognitive development on comprehension, and (3) how the theories can help to refine reading theory. (FL)

Comprehension monitoring was investigated by asking college students to read and answer probed recall questions about passages that contained intentionally introduced confusions. Subjects failed to report a large number of the confusions and less than one quarter of the confusions were noticed during reading. (HOD)

The relationship between lower level code availability and top-down contextual processing in word recognition was investigated in two experiments. The major finding was that the increment in performance resulting from coherent organization relative to the random passage was equivalent in both normal and reversed orthographic forms. (Author/GK)

Among findings were that as reading proficiency increased, ability to use graphic information increased considerably, although not significantly; and low readers were least efficient in their use of grammatical form class cues, with their errors more often than not being of a different form class. (SBH)

Explores the central assumption of the cloze procedure, which is that context can be used inferentially to predict deleted words. (MKM)

Provides a personal account of the development of the Eye Movement Contingent Display Control research methodology for the study of perceptual and cognitive processes in reading. Suggests that the usefulness of eye movement techniques for studying human cognition is still in its beginning stages. (RS)

The study evaluated the relative importance of graphic and contextual information in the correction behavior of disabled fourth grade readers who were clinically diagnosed as poor comprehenders. Results indicated that poor comprehenders tended to be more cued to graphic constraints in the text than to semantic constraints. (Author/DB)

Inaugurates this column's topic for the year: document strategy procedures and ways to teach them. Argues that knowledge of document structures allows for better knowledge of the cognitive steps and metacognitive strategies in document processing. (SR)

College students (n=24) read passages marked for think-aloud (TA) procedure, not marked for TA, and control (no TA). The marked procedure elicited more veridical protocols, and students who scored high on the comprehension test were more likely to have made many TA comments reflecting a knowledge-transforming approach to the text. (SLD)