Study investigated the nature of the information that is available to Ss when they have comprehended linguistic materials. (Authors)

A number of models are considered that specify how children and adults solve single-digit addition problems. (Authors)

This paper suggests that although there is reasonable evidence to support that portion of the Collins-Quillian theory of semantic memory which hypothesizes that words are ordered hierarchically in memory, there is little evidence in support of their hypothesis of cognitive economy of storage in memory. (Author)

Reports an experiment in which a topical system facilitated subjects' recall of information pertinent both to highly meaningful and less meaningful issues; based upon author's doctoral study, Pennsylvania State University. (RD)

Free-response and card-sort techniques are criticized as to their application to investigating cognitive content. Two studies are presented which examine the validity and reliability of these two techniques when they are used concurrently with college students. (Author)

The nature of memory processes has been inferred from (1) direct comparisons of recognition and cued recall performance, (2) indirect comparisons using different types of target stimuli, and (3) studies of recognition varying target material. Investigators have overlooked the possibility that recognition performance can be manipulated by changing…

Discusses current research (including that involving amnesiacs and snails) into the nature of the memory process, differentiating between and providing examples of "fact" memory and "skill" memory. Suggests that three brain parts (thalamus, fornix, mammilary body) are involved in the memory process. (JN)

Investigates the effect of the relationship between conditions at encoding (familiarization) and retrieval (test) with regard to infants' performance on a paired-comparison recognition test. Subjects were 32 male and 32 female infants between 8.7 and 10.3 months of age. (MP)

Applies a taxonomy to a review of the methods used to study mental processes in reading that divides the methods into simultaneous or successive and obtrusive or unobtrusive; the taxonomy proved useful in describing encoding and memory processes. (AEA)

Information processing research offers a solution to the ambiguity of many concepts in cognitive psychology. The author's definition of intelligence and the structure-of-intellect model offer a systematic collection of rigorously and operationally defined concepts. New evidence for discriminability of the model categories and views of memory and…

An experiment was designed to determine whether or not images are directly involved in the retrieval process. The results provided evidence for the direct involvement of images in both the encoding and retrieval processes for words. (Author/PN)

Two experiments were undertaken to evaluate the influence of automatic semantic processing of pictures on word judgments. Results indicated that (1) perceptual factors influence responding in these types of tasks, (2) picture processing can facilitate word processing in some circumstances, and (3) incompatible background pictures can interfere…

Argues that, although Piaget's seminal work on children's use of intention and consequence information to make moral evaluations has spawned a substantial amount of research, progress in this area has been hampered by serious conceptual and methodological problems. Offers some methodological guidelines for conducting research in this area.…