This report summarizes theoretical, applied, and experimental studies in the areas of computational principles in complex intelligent systems, cybernetics, multivalued logic, and the mechanization of cognitive processes. This work is summarized under the following topic headings: properties of complex dynamic systems; computers and the language…

A study was designed to examine the contribution of intrinsic arousal (individual differences) and induced arousal to children's comprehension of film content with short- and long-term retention intervals. Intrinsic arousal was measured by a salivary response measure; induced arousal was manipulated by white auditory noise. The latter was…

Traditionally, studies investigating the relationship between mental abilities tests and performance on learning tasks have attempted to establish a direct relationship between these two domains by use of factor analytic techniques. It is suggested that an alternative approach can be formulated in terms of an information processing analysis of…

Six alternative models of the ways in which individuals accept and organize information from potential sources are proposed. Parameter estimates were obtained from experiments testing the effect of evaluations of performance upon an individual's conception of his own, and others', ability to perform specific tasks. Then the models were tested…

A search of experimental and theoretical literature and an analysis of professional textbooks, instructional materials, and published tests were carried out in order to (1) determine current concepts of reading comprehension deriving from experimental investigations, verbal statements, and models and (2) establish the extent to which these…

An overview is presented of the Guided Self-Analysis System for Professional Development (GSA) for teaching young children. The GSA system and programs are reviewed along with staff involvement, staff responsibilities, the emphasis on flexibility, change in the classroom, and implementation procedures. The GSA early childhood program is then…

The author presents a decision-making model for women who are in the process of making career decisions and choices. Implications for going through this process are discussed. (HLM)

Criticizes the current method of formalization in Italian schools and the use of tools of the mathematical method. Proposes a general three-stage formalization method which can used for physical quantities, the particular significance of certain quantities, and the description and interpretation of phenomena. (TW)

Presents a decision model for planning learner feedback in distance education courses with emphasis on college-level teaching. Knowledge components in information processing models of learning are described, task analysis for learning from text is discussed in terms of comprehension, and criteria for designing learner feedback are examined. (LRW)

A model to gauge students' levels of understanding during presentations, based on Craik's levels of cognitive processing, is proposed. Students' responses associated with each level are identified and discussed. (Author/MLW)

A model of the teaching/learning system that categorizes the essential activities of teaching and learning and shows their interrelationships is proposed. An illustration of a model being applied to a teaching program is provided. (Author/MLW)

Describes a teacher modeling technique whose purpose is to form a comprehensive approach to modeling metacognitive strategies through direct explanation of the reading comprehension process. (HOD)

This book synthesizes information from a range of scientific disciplines, including neuroscience, developmental psychology, and psychiatry, to explore the idea that the mind emerges at the interface of interpersonal experience and the structure and function of the brain. Each chapter explores a major domain of human experience. Following an…

A social cognitive developmental model is presented integrating a Piagetian developmental model and Flavell's processing model, to describe three aspects of development. The utility of the model was tested in two studies. The results demonstrate that it is possible to increase children's social cognitive abilities instructionally. (Author/CTM)

The use of modified essay questions (MEQs), developed at the University of Newcastle to assess clinical problem-solving, is reported. Reliability estimates as high as 0.91 were reported. The validity of assessment by MEQ was based on one model of medical problem-solving and another of cognitive skill taxonomies. (Author/MLW)