A set of procedures for coding internal state words (those words representing mental states and perceptual experiences), developed for application to data on the language of young children and those with whom they converse, is described in this report. The report first discusses the rationale for studying cultural variation in vocabulary use, the…

The document describes a practicum which developed a unit on critical thinking that applied Jerome Bruner's discovery-learning method and also incorporated the unit within the curricular requirements of elementary education majors at Castleton State College in Vermont. It is presented in five sections and an appendix. Section I provides…

As a first step in a research effort directed toward formulation of a theory of instruction which would lead to prediction and control of classroom events, data related to teacher-pupil communication, student covert thinking, and teacher and pupil overt thinking was collected by two observers working over a 5-day period with each of nine junior…

Representational competence refers to the individual's capability to respond appropriately to external representations. For example, a child engaged in a grouping task may collect together all like objects even if the group contains varying representations of the object, including (1) the object itself, (2) a three-dimensional likeness of the…

Bloom's taxonomy of the cognitive domain consists of six major levels: Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation. The purpose of this study is to construct a quantitative causal model for a set of tests designed to operationally define these six levels in order to further explore the validity of the cumulative…

Evaluation techniques were designed to improve learner performance through use of pre-specified popular instructional objectives. Current curriculum planning and evaluation practices are examined. Two common evaluation malpractices are: (1) the tendency to treat the content of the program as the most important criterion for evaluation, (2) the…

This volume is an attempt to provide literature that will enhance through vicarious experience and emotional involvement the adult's understanding of the principles of child development. The selections are organized into categories and cross-indexed with most of the standard texts in child development and psychology. It is divided into ten major…

A taxonomy for assessing development of speech-language clinicians based upon cognitive learning theory was applied in the analysis of videotaped clinical sessions involving three student clinicians. Developmental profiles in three areas of clinical problem solving (perspective taking, variables considered, and solutions generated) were derived.…

Presents abstracts of 36 special interest group (SIG) sessions. Highlights include the Chemistry Online Retrieval Experiment; organizing and retrieving images; intelligent information retrieval using natural language processing; interdisciplinarity; libraries as publishers; indexing hypermedia; cognitive aspects of classification; computer-aided…

Initial activities in a collaborative reading project for tenth graders were based on the categorizing process, which is the basis for understanding the structure of ideas in most textbooks. Ideas are organized in a hierarchy of related categories moving down from the title, through chapter headings, main headings, subheadings, to paragraphs.…

THIS PAPER DESCRIBES THE NATURE AND PURPOSE OF THE R AND I UNIT IN THE SECONDARY SCHOOL. THE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS UNITS IN THE SUBJECT-MATTER AREAS OF SCIENCE, ENGLISH, MATHEMATICS, SOCIAL STUDIES, AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN FOUR WISCONSIN SCHOOL SYSTEMS ARE BRIEFLY DISCUSSED. EA 001 022 IS A RELATED DOCUMENT. (HM)

This paper explores the relation between the communicative and categorical functions of language and the acquisition of language production. Three major factors in language acquisition are communication, ability for representation and the process of categorization. This paper offers evidence that a sudden and dramatic increase in lexical skill…

The construction of a taxonomy of behavioral objectives for the years three, four, and five was the original intent of the project reported. A further intent was that the taxonomy should distinguish what were reasonable objectives for children of differing socioeconomic (SES) levels and ethnic backgrounds, with particular reference to the…

Two studies were conducted. In study one 100 participants rated 60 occupations on the amount of cognitive/intellectual, physical, sensory-perceptual, and perceptual-motor demands they perceived as required for successful performance in that particular occupation. Results of a cluster analysis determined four clusters of occupations on the basis of…

Variation is a key concept in the study of statistics and its understanding is a crucial aspect of most statistically related tasks. This study aimed to extend and apply a hierarchy for describing students' understanding of variation that was developed in a sampling context to the context of a natural event in which variation occurs. Students aged…