This article makes the following three assertions: (1) The combination of the four sources that nourished communal education for 90 years, and particularly progressive education and the youth movements, gave rise to educational principles expressed in a variety of educational frameworks and institutions implementing unique methods. The 'sum total'…

This article is the first of two which will give an account of the history of the education departments of the kibbutz movements in Israel and highlight their uniqueness and achievements. They dealt with all types of educational activities at all ages and in all spheres: kindergarten teachers, teachers, "metaplot" (plural form of…

The uniqueness of the Kibbutz Artzi "social movement" of educators is illustrated and summarized in two articles: (1) The first (previous) article, "The Education Department of the "Kibbutz Artzi" as leader of "a social movement of educators" (1926-2000) influencing the environment in the sphere of formal…

Explains how the ideals of the Jewish tradition, Socialist Zionism, and progressive education made education for work central in the kibbutz. Clarifies the role of education for work in the self-realization process of the kibbutz. Concludes with an examination of current attitudes towards this process and its effectiveness. (MJP)