Despite its relatively short history, policies connected with Affirmative Action have endured a controversial social, political, and legal past. Higher education has witnessed much of this controversy firsthand. Because the venue of many Affirmative Action battles has been waged within educational settings, faculty in higher education are uniquely…

Describes how several key advocacy groups, working together, have played key roles in bringing the issue of race in college admissions to the Supreme Court. (EV)

The CRitical Issue Bibliography (CRIB) Sheet describes resources related to affirmative action. The bibliography is divided into four sections designed to help provide a foundation for those implementing an affirmative action program or conducting research on this topic. Overview describes resources that describe the history of affirmative action,…

Despite the gains made by minority groups through affirmative action in higher education, in the end, only the earned achievements of minority Americans can form the basis of a true and lasting equality in a pluralistic society. (MSE)

The Bakke decision will cause institutions to strengthen academic support programs, improve admissions procedures, and develop stronger evaluation programs. Institutions will see more "reverse discrimination" cases in the future. (Author)

The basic conclusions of a study done by the Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education was that colleges and professional schools are vigorously engaged in affirmative-action admissions programs, and any restrictions on their freedom to use race as a criterion for acceptance could substantially reduce the participation of minority…

Discusses the effects of the federal appellate court decision in "Hopwood v. University of Texas School of Law," which found race-based admissions criteria in violation of the Constitution. Reviews issues related to permissible admissions criteria, punitive damages, class actions, and administrator personal liability. (MAB)

Preferential treatment for minority groups cannot be viewed as compensatory justice for past discrimination against those groups. If policies are based exclusively on group factors, they can be charged with unfairness to individuals. Race can be relevant to preferential treatment, but eligibility should not be restricted only to members of…

The role of affirmative action programs, the problem of quotas, the relevance of admission criteria to minority group applicants, and public opinion concerning affirmative action are discussed in relation to the Bakke case. (Author/MC)

The Bakke decision, which addressed affirmative action in college admissions, is examined with focus on Justice Powell's ruling. Justice Powell ruled that the need for diversity on campus justifies a minority admissions program, and that other considerations not accepted may have validity if properly argued. (Author/JMD)

The Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case in the U.S. Supreme Court and background information on the previous cases in California are presented. Allan Bakke is a white male who applied to the Davis medical school in both 1973 and 1974 and was refused admission even though admission slots under the college's special admissions…

A primary social dilemma today is that current strategies have led to the perception that affirmative action favors some population groups at the expense of others, that in a sense it uses one form of discrimination to combat another. It is essential to reconsider affirmative action strategies to implement those that are most appropriate for today…

Required changes--in compliance with the Supreme Court's Bakke decision--in university law school admissions programs are examined. The position of the Society of American Law Teachers is presented. (Journal availability: Fred B. Rothman & Co., 10368 W. Centennial Rd., Littleton, CO 80123, $6.50.) (MSE)

This response to Lino Graglia (HE 530 289) reviews the history of opposition to affirmative action for minority groups; notes early efforts of law schools to avoid desegregation requirements; reports persistent low enrollments of African-American students in law schools; and recommends that law schools undergird admissions policy with…

This book tells the story of the California Civil Rights Initiative (CCRI), which became Proposition 209. This initiative promised to end the use of race and gender preferences in state employment, contracting, and education. The complex motivations and maneuvers of the people, organizations, and political parties involved in the effort to end…