For several decades business management research has addressed Organizational Ambidexterity (OA), an organization's ability to maximize their capabilities in areas of strength while also examining new techniques and areas of growth, in a variety of industries. Areas of focus in this area of research include the contributing factors to OA, how different characteristics of an organization such as age, size, and leader tenure impact OA, and the overall impact that OA can have on the success of an organization. Generally, organizations that older and larger that engage in OA tend to experience greater success, while organizations that are smaller and younger tend to benefit from focusing more in one area and less on ambidextrousness. By adapting existing survey questions, this exploratory study seeks to determine the extent to which college athletic departments engage in OA. Subsequently, by examining APR scores and winning percentages this is the first study to address of the impact that OA has on success within college athletics. While there are indications that the athletic departments at NCAA member institutions do engage in OA, this study did not find correlations between engagement in OA and athletic department success. There is some groundwork to explore if OA in college athletics leads to forms of success not examined in this study or if subsets within athletic departments benefit more from engaging in organizational ambidexterity. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]