American universities today serve as economic engines, performing the scientific research that will create new industries, drive economic growth, and keep the United States globally competitive. But only a few decades ago, these same universities self-consciously held themselves apart from the world of commerce. "Creating the Market University" is…

Given the need to compete for sponsored research funding, do university faculty believe they retain the freedom to research what is of most interest to them? The higher education literature frequently asserts that faculty research agendas are being subjugated to the demands of sponsors. An alternate perspective, from the science studies…

The belief that "knowledge is most effectively pursued when disseminated without hindrance" began when science first took shape in early Greece. Its development during the Middle Ages and Renaissance is discussed (examining patenting innovation), ownership rights became more important as science became a means to power. (DH)

Access to new information, including basic research, has created competitive advantages in the pursuit of military, commercial, and other social goals and has influenced communication practices in science. The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Committee on Scientific Freedom and Responsibility has conducted a project to…

The Pimentel Report (formally titled "Opportunities in Chemistry") represents an unusually broad and deep consensus in the chemical community about the status of chemistry and areas along the chemical frontier ripe for scientific exploitation. Highlights from the report and an extensive executive summary are provided. (DH)

Discusses faculty research in community colleges. Describes the rationale; research approaches including literature research, theoretical investigation, and experimentation; funding sources; obstacles; and benefits of faculty research. Lists addresses of five resources. (YP)

Discusses whether biotechnology commercial application will significantly inhibit the free flow of information traditional in academic environments. Background factors, crux of the concern, assessment, and current options are given. Although little evidence that industry-university collaboration has impaired academic molecular genetics exists,…

Describes less-publicized situations in the biological sciences concerning problems of openness and communication among scientists. Topics addressed include information networks and rules, international communications, balance of power within institutions and fields, openness to whom and on what terms, and scientists as experts. (DH)

This report on Federal agency research and development (R&D) is based on the FY 1983 Presidential budget which continues the economic revitalization policies initiated in the previous year's budget. While the report emphasizes analyses of detailed data on R&D performers, fields of science, and geographic distribution of R&D, it also…

This report discusses the support of research and development (R&D) by the federal government through appropriate agencies; it uses data from an annual survey of federal agencies following the preparation of their budgets for 1984. Therefore, this information reflects the continuation of Reagan administration policies to strengthen the United…

Examines the ethics, economics, manpower needs and future regulation of biotechnology. Discusses the new tests of the basic premise of the universality of knowledge gained from university research as attempts are made to patent and temporarily withhold publication of proprietary discoveries made with taxpayer support. (CW)

Discusses Lehigh University's industry-funded centers and institutes, academic research projects designed to upgrade both industry and the economy, and research and development programs. Includes information on sources of research and development funding. (JN)

Discussed is the 1992 comprehensive federal budget proposed for the United States. The proposed budgets for the Defense Department, Health and Human Services, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, Department of Agriculture, Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Institute of Standards and…

The "Unesco Reports in Marine Science" are designed to serve as a complement to the "Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science." This report focuses on the current situation in marine sciences in Arab universities. A special meeting was convened in Jordan during December, 1985, to discuss the objectives of teaching and research…

Explores the issues of sharing data with other parties. Describes some examples and a proposed solution to the problems. Summarizes survey research on attitudes toward this issue. (YP)