Procedures used in empathy-helping studies suggest results may be due to demand characteristics. Two studies were run to investigate especially the mood induction process. One reproduced the Aderman-Berkowitz main mood effects. Another showed that after seeing a help-non-help incident, mood effects were demonstrated only when Ss knew the research…

Subjects (N=82) were given either veridical or false feedback concerning their level of intimacy one week after a short structured interaction with another. Results indicated that feedback had a greater effect on the reported degree of liking for the other and the disclosure level. (Author/RC)

Assessed effects of an individual's temporal pattern of success on attributions of responsibility for winning or losing simulated free throw contests. The player on a winning team who scored at the end was judged responsible for the outcome. (Author/BEF)

In this study, 160 college students were asked to respond to their modes of expressing hostility. Subjects revealed differential modes of expressing hostility. These differences seem to be a function of racial and biological sex characteristics of respondents. Results suggest ways of understanding and dealing with occurrence of hostile acts.…

Investigated the reliability and validity of Bem and Allen's cross-situational consistency measuring technique. Results showed low reliability for Bem and Allen's test-retest, high reliability for Snyder's Self-Monitoring Scale, and significant correlation between self-reported academic behavior variability and actual grade variability. (WAS)

Male sensitizers, neutrals, and repressors (N=90) performed an identification task and an association task with word lists containing double entendres. The identification task results failed to support the familiarity hypothesis. The association task results suggested repressors are more responsive to external, social inhibition cues than are…

Conducted two studies in which subjects (N=345) read descriptions of stereotypic behavior displayed by a seven-year-old boy or girl and predicted adult personality attributes. Results showed that irrespective of sex, the feminine child was predicted to be happier, more mature, less self-centered, and more expressive. (LLL)

This study focuses on reported (a) satisfaction in stages of the life cycle; (b) levels of general happiness; and (c) frequency of peak experiences. Subjects were 48 undergraduate students (17 males, 31 females) at Laurentian University, Canada. Results from all three areas in this study accord closely with other relevant published work. (Author)

This study shows a change in ethnocentrism could be accomplished through use of behavior modification techniques. A total of 18 Caucasian subjects were divided into six groups: three control groups and three experimental groups. Results showed reinforcement was effective in producing attitude change. (Author)

The relationship between the ability to coordinate social perspectives and levels of anxiety induced by the social context was studied. Results showed a relative failure to coordinate perspectives in the "anxious" compared with the "neutral" condition and were discussed in terms of social contextual effects on aspects of social cognitive…

Other-directed (interpersonally sensitive) or inner-directed (interpersonally less sensitive) students (N=80) observed a videotape of a person acting in either a role-consonant or a role-deviant manner. As expected, there was significantly less variance among the ratings when other-directed observers viewed role-deviant behavior than in the other…

Subjects either punished incorrect or rewarded correct responses made by a confederate on a learning task. In three experiments subjects were, interrupted midway through the learning trials. Half were individuated and half were deindividuated; they were provided a "hot-line" to summon the experimenter. Found no reliable methods for inhibiting…

Ethnic preferences of black and white college students were measured using subjects' ratings of employment applications of either Afro-Americans, Asian-Americans, or Whites. The data revealed that whites preferred white applicants and blacks preferred black applicants across all categories. (Author)

In the first of two studies, male undergraduates were either angered or not angered by a confederate. In the second study, subjects in the angry condition displayed more aggression, and thwarting increased subsequent aggressivity. (Author)

The effects of several factors on willingness to take a counterattitudinal position in a forthcoming debate were investigated. Subjects were presented with the dilemma of either compromising their own position and thereby not forfeiting a competitive advantage in the debate or forfeiting a competitive advantage by not compromising their own…