Personalised learning (PL) is learning in which the stage of learning and the instructional approach are optimised for the needs of each learner. The concept of PL allows e-learning design to shift from a 'one size fits all' approach to an adaptive and student-centred approach. This paper aims to provide a literature review of PL based on: the PL…

As technology continues to advance, more institutions of higher education are integrating artificially intelligent chatbots within their websites to increase customer service efficiency and disseminate information more effectively. However, to date, no studies have explored when institutions of higher education have adopted these technologies, and…

Various domains require practitioners to encounter and resolve ill-structured problems using collaborative problem-solving. As such, problem-solving is an essential skill that educators must emphasize to prepare learners for practice. One potential way to support problem-solving is through further investigation of instructional design methods that…