A hologram tutor is an instructional medium that has promising potential to serve as a substitute for actual teachers in classroom learning. Commonly, actual humans are used as the characters for the hologram tutor. Doubtlessly, this choice has its own advantages. However, in terms of development, it involves difficult and complicated steps.…

Virtual learning companions, such as avatars, have shown significant potential in assisting learners--particularly in the Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) condition. Since there are many avatar design approaches which can be utilized in DGBL, questions arise on which type of these are most preferred by learners. Mainly, in ensuring that the…

As the technology in computer graphics advances, Animated-Virtual Actors (AVAs) in Virtual Reality (VR) applications become increasingly rich and complex. Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML) suggests that complex visual materials could hinder novice learners from attending to the lesson properly. On the other hand, previous studies have…