Writing paragraphs is an important part of academic writing courses required at the university level, as mastering paragraph writing is considered a fundamental step toward producing advanced formal and academic papers in the future. To become proficient in this skill, students, especially non-native English speakers, must make a special effort.…

A survey of 34 professors teaching English as a second language in 20 Japanese universities elicited information about common errors in student writing. In open-ended questions, respondents identified 40 student error types, which were grouped into 18 categories. The most common problem category was sentence development, and other high-frequency…