This study investigated contemporary Japanese college students' attitudes towards Japan English (JE) and American English (AE) through a verbal guise test (VGT) as well as a questionnaire. Forty-four Japanese college students listened to four Japanese and four North Americans reading a text in English, rated them in terms of solidarity-related…

This report shows that there are many ways to confirm the accuracy, reliability, and validity of student self-reports. Examples from higher education and from public opinion polls and general surveys demonstrate some of the common sources of measurement errors and errors of substance. Part 1 of the report summarizes a few highlights from the…