Visual short-term memory (VSTM) was probed while observers performed smooth pursuit eye movements. Smooth pursuit keeps a moving object stabilized in the fovea. VSTM capacity for position was reduced during smooth pursuit compared with a condition with eye fixation. There was no difference between a condition in which the items were approximately…

Bornstein, Kessen, and Weiskopf (1976) reported that pre-linguistic infants perceive colour categorically for primary boundaries: Following habituation, dishabituation only occurred if the test stimulus was from a different adult category to the original. Here, we replicated this important study and extended it to include secondary boundaries,…

Previous studies of the Stroop task propose two key mediators: the prefrontal and cingulate cortices but hints exist of functional specialization within these regions. This study aimed to examine the effect of task modality upon the prefrontal and cingulate response by examining the response to colour, number, and shape Stroop tasks whilst BOLD…

We asked whether the ability to keep in working memory the binding between a visual object and its spatial location changes with development across the life span more than memory for item information. Paired arrays of colored squares were identical or differed in the color of one square, and in the latter case, the changed color was unique on…

Our research addressed the question of whether sensitivity to relative reinforcer magnitude in concurrent chains depends on the distribution of reinforcer delays when the terminal-link schedules are equal. In Experiment 1, 12 pigeons responded in a two-component procedure. In both components, the initial links were concurrent variable-interval 40…

Background: Across the nation, schools have become actively involved in developing obesity prevention strategies both in classrooms and in cafeterias. We sought to determine the type of foods being offered during lunch in the cafeteria of 3 public high schools in 1 county and if this reflects the purchasing patterns of students. By labeling foods…

In 3 experiments, 9-month-old infants' expectations for what distinct count noun labels refer to were investigated. In Experiment 1, a box was opened to reveal 2 objects inside during familiarization: either 2 identical objects or 2 different objects. Test trials followed the same procedure, except before the box was opened, the contents were…

Eye movements of 32 newspaper readers (ranging in age from 22 to 50 years) were measured as they viewed four pages of varying use of color and black-and-white photographs. The eye-fixation data recorded by a computerized apparatus showed precisely where subjects looked, in what order they processed information on the page, and how long and how…

Discusses various topics in color chemistry, including the electromagnetic spectrum, the absorption and reflection of light, additive and subtractive color mixing, and the molecular structure of simple colored substances. (MLH)

Investigated two developmental implications: (1) that foci for color categories become established and stabilized earlier than boundaries, and (2) that focal judgments are always more stable than boundary judgments. Subjects were 20 kindergarteners, 40 third graders and 40 adults. (Author/SDH)

This study investigated the construction of sexual identity and sex stereotypes. A total of 32 mainly Caucasian, married primiparous parents attending birthing classes participated in a study of their buying habits and gifts they received prior to and after the birth of their child, and hence, before and after the child's sex was known. Under both…

Xerography is one of the major channels through which a union in art and technology can be achieved. As a result of a three-year research study of xerography and such a union, the following examples have been developed: XIOPP Model, art historical perspective, visual literacy exhibition and vocabulary. The XIOPP Model is an illustration and…

Briefly describes a physics course for nonmajors which focuses on light and color. (PEB)

A look at two experiments on the relative effectiveness of color or monochrome television in instruction. (HB)

Describes how one food service management company, by dramatizing the ingredients of a Type A lunch, has increased the demand for such lunches, raised its gross income, saved students money, and raised the level of their nutritional intake. (Author/MLF)