The president of the William T. Grant Foundation looks beyond problem adolescents to see young people as assets. The Foundation plans to focus on ways to give young people a meaningful role in society. Seeing youth as a community resource increases opportunities for society and for young people. (SLD)

The author's experiences in community service at a Quaker summer work camp 30 years ago taught him more about himself than about the community in which he helped. National service needs to include an organizing orientation that allows the strengths of both participants and community members to flourish. (SLD)

Discusses how reform efforts have historically followed a pattern of de facto exclusion of people who are severely retarded. Examines "social constructivism" as a guiding philosophy of current disability forms and presents "critical theory" as alternative perspective for disability studies. (PS)

Benefits to the helper are important to consider in a national-service program, along with the benefits to the recipient. Some suggestions are offered to ensure reciprocity in community service. Democratizing help giving, that is making it available to the widest possible audience, could help remove some of the pitfalls associated with help…

How to expand to a larger scale a working community-service program using federal money is considered. Planning time is an essential, as are a focus on program culture and technical support. Adapting programs, rather than prescribing solutions, should help in the cautious move toward a national program. (SLD)

A major problem with the proposed approaches to national service is that they may draw attention away from the real causes of and the feasible solutions to critical problems. Community action should involve young people in sustained, long-term empowering activities, not in one-time experiences or in work that does not challenge current power…

Most drug-abuse-treatment programs fail because they have no community base, no clear social perspective, and because they rely on rehabilitated addicts lacking professional expertise and professionals isolated from the communities they serve. (JM)

The national-service movement needs to grapple with two weaknesses. One is the underrepresentation of people of color and of young people of low socioeconomic status. The other is a failure to develop strategies that seek to solve problems caused by persistent poverty; current strategies tend to address only immediate needs. (SLD)

Lessons worth noting from existing community-service programs include the importance of reciprocity and benefit to the volunteer; accountability to the community; youth leadership; a multigenerational approach; crossing the color line; and open mindedness. The service movement provides real possibilities for mutual advantage. (SLD)

It is vital to include youth in national-service plans. Basic approaches include putting young people on the team; putting youth on the national-corporation board; getting administrators into national-service; creating youth forums; and letting young people make decisions. (SLD)

The success of the national-service campaign may hinge on whether community agencies and those that they serve are involved in the process. Critical areas are the use of language that people can understand; public meetings; outreach that stresses diversity; funding; planning; action context; management; training; and evaluation. (SLD)