The National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs, administered by the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), are key components of the nation's food security safety net, providing free or low-cost meals to millions of schoolchildren each day. To qualify their children each year for free or…

As the United States continues to be a nation of immigrants and their children, the nation's school systems face increased enrollments of students whose primary language is not English. With the 2001 reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), the allocation of federal funds for…

This book is intended to aid school officials in conducting effective community surveys for the purpose of improving citizen involvement and influence in educational decision-making. Although the book is of considerable value when used alone, it is designed for use as part of a set of related publications collectively entitled, "Factual Politics."…

"Education officials need to furnish leadership in school elections.... An unsuccessful election reduces educational opportunities for students" (Kimbrough and Nunnery, 1971, p. 4). Who can argue with this simple statement? Providing effective leadership, however, is not that easy. Research and practice have yet to yield an election formula that…

Based on the philosophy that the public library should be an integral part of the community it serves, a lively center of ideas and activities, and that it should know the community's people and groups thoroughly in order to understand its needs, this booklet has been prepared as an introduction for trustees, staff members, and lay leaders to the…

This handbook provides a model approach to the implementation of community education; it outlines and discusses field-tested steps and establishes the rationale for their implementation in a sequential order. An introductory chapter that explores the unlimited potential of the community education concept is followed by a chapter that identifies…

To provide the baseline data for the construction of a conceptual career education model for the Yonkers public schools, an extensive delphi technique survey was conducted during the school year 1973-74. Hundreds of students, teachers, administrators, parents, and community people were asked to respond to 35 statements categorized into five areas:…

The book comes out of a University research project that has worked closely with one local programme over five years from its beginning. Sure Start is a national government initiative that targets families with children aged up to the age of four in areas of social and economic disadvantage, to promote development so children are ready to thrive…

Identifying the genuine needs of a community and developing a sound program to respond to those needs represent the primary mission of the community educator. The success of program planning efforts will depend largely on how solid the analysis of the community is. This collection of papers deals with the question of how community analysis is…

After an examination of societal currents leading up to the student revolution of the sixties, the author develops a theoretical concept of needs assessment. Assuming that effective needs assessment and program planning depends on the success of simulating the "needing" process of constituents, he divides community college clientele into…

This bilingual community self-survey system is designed to assess the level of living and the culture of poverty in segments of any community or in the entire community, whether it be rural or urban. This project was originally undertaken in June 1966 for the Office of Economic Opportunity. The four parts now published by the Iowa Urban Community…

This study investigated the relationship between different generational and social class groups within the Polish-American community and the salience of ethnicity in each group. One of the largest immigrations to America was that from Poland. By the turn of the century a dispersed and highly mobile Polish-American population was evident in the Los…

To continue to be an effective local educational leader in curricular change, fiscal policy making, and, above all, in planning for education, the school administrator must have a continuous flow of usable information on public opinion. The purpose of this book is to provide the administrator with practical methods for systematically monitoring…

Grouse Creek is a small Mormon ranching community in the extreme northwest corner of Utah. A survey of that community was conducted during 1985 by a team of folklorists, architectural historians, and historians, with the purpose of testing the idea of combining in the same fieldwork a concern for architecture, folk arts, and folklife. The work was…

This report is primarily an assessment of needs for extra-family child care and early education in Monroe County, Indiana (as of April 1974). First, child care and early education are discussed in their historical contexts from a social-systems point of view. After these general considerations, the scope of the needs of young children in Monroe…