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Download full textMatsuoka, Ryoji – Educational Studies in Japan: International Yearbook, 2014
Japanese compulsory education had been praised because of its equality around the early 80s. However, since the third wave-educational reform that began in the 1980s and still persists, it has been pointed out that there are disparities between schools in terms of students' socioeconomic background and academic performance. Although there have…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Compulsory Education, Educational Change, Socioeconomic Background
Snyder, Thomas D.; Dillow, Sally A. – National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
The 2012 edition of the "Digest of Education Statistics" is the 48th in a series of publications initiated in 1962. The "Digest" has been issued annually except for combined editions for the years 1977-78, 1983-84, and 1985-86. Its primary purpose is to provide a compilation of statistical information
covering the broad field…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Adult Education
Snyder, Thomas D.; Dillow, Sally A. – National Center for Education Statistics, 2012
The 2011 edition of the "Digest of Education Statistics" is the 47th in a series of publications initiated in 1962. The "Digest" has been issued annually except for combined editions for the years 1977-78, 1983-84, and 1985-86. Its primary purpose is to provide a compilation of statistical information
covering the broad field…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Secondary Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education
