This book addresses the validity of think-aloud protocols (TAPs) in L2 writing research through a mixed methods study and proposes effective approaches for their valid implementation. The book uncovers the reactive effects that TAPs have on L2 writing performance and processes, and examines how individual factors moderate this reactivity. It…

A total of 14 women recorded fetal movements during one week of their pregnancies, and Brazelton Neonatal Behavorial Assessment Scale exams were performed on the infants during their first week of life. Correlations were computed between fetal activity and neonatal behavior. (Author/RH)

Temperament and attachment, as defined by Bowlby and his followers, are fundamentally different constructs, and research guided by the attachment perspective cannot meaningfully be assimilated to the temperament construct. Qualitative aspects of relationships simply cannot be reduced to individual behavioral dimensions. (RH)

Two studies compared intelligence quotient, reading achievement test results, and spelling errors in 57 adult dyslexics, 56 adult nondyslexics, and 25 adult compensated dyslexics. Results suggest that compensated dyslexics appear very similar to nondyslexics in their reading and spelling skills; however, there is a difference in the automaticity…

Examines the functioning of toddlers with physical anomalies (but without central nervous system damage) in comparison to premature toddlers (with similar deviant early experience but no deviant physical appearance) and to normal toddlers. Premature and disabled toddlers performed more poorly than normal toddlers in measures of social initiative,…

This nationwide study, conducted to investigate extent to which sex of individual is controlling factor relating to salaries, career progression, and library support, compared the careers of male and female public library directors serving populations of 100,000 or more in continental United States. Questionnaire is appended. (21 references) (EJS)

The use of a traditional syndrome-classification system for aphasics is examined critically from the different perspectives of medicine and psychometrics. Medicine views syndromes as dichotomous (present or not present) and necessarily indicative of an underlying pathognomic state or process, and psychometrics sees performances as varying along a…

Employing a new procedure for measuring peer concepts, this study investigated the development of differentiation and accuracy of children's concepts of their peers' attributes. Subjects, 18 second-graders, 23 fourth-graders, and 18 sixth-graders, were asked to rate characteristics of their peers in mathematics, athletics (running), and in two…

Although student teaching is often recognized as the most influential component of teacher education programs, only a few studies exist outlining what happens to the student teacher in the classroom, or that relate personal characteristics to achievement in student teaching situations. This study, a follow-up of an investigation about the degree…

Two studies examined possible effects of four modes of infant care on child behavior exhibited later. Modes included care at home by the mother, at home by a relative or sitter, at a sitter's home, and in a group care center. First, a longitudinal study assessed children at 2 years of age on a wide array of personality and cognitive measures. A…