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Goal-Directedness Enhances Letter-Speech Sound Learning and Consolidation in an Unknown Orthography
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Verwimp, Cara; Snellings, Patrick; Wiers, Reinout W.; Tijms, Jurgen – Child Development, 2023
This study examined how top-down control influenced letter-speech sound (L-SS) learning, the initial phase of learning to read. In 2020, 107 Dutch children (53 boys, M[subscript age] = 106.845 months) learned eight L-SS correspondences, either preceded by goal-directed or implicit instructions. Symbol knowledge and artificial word-reading ability…
Descriptors: Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence, Speech Communication, Language Acquisition, Reading Processes
Language Matters: Denying the Existence of the 30-Million-Word Gap Has Serious Consequences
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Golinkoff, Roberta Michnick; Hoff, Erika; Rowe, Meredith L.; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S.; Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy – Child Development, 2019
Sperry, Sperry, and Miller (2018) aim to debunk what is called the 30-million-word gap by claiming that children from lower income households hear more speech than Hart and Risley ([Hart, B., 1995]) reported. We address why the 30-million-word gap should not be abandoned, and the importance of retaining focus on the vital ingredient to language…
Descriptors: Child Development, Low Income, Vocabulary Development, Language Acquisition
The Tuning of Human Neonates' Preference for Speech
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Vouloumanos, Athena; Hauser, Marc D.; Werker, Janet F.; Martin, Alia – Child Development, 2010
Human neonates prefer listening to speech compared to many nonspeech sounds, suggesting that humans are born with a bias for speech. However, neonates' preference may derive from properties of speech that are not unique but instead are shared with the vocalizations of other species. To test this, thirty neonates and sixteen 3-month-olds were…
Descriptors: Neonates, Primatology, Auditory Stimuli, Speech Communication
Categorization in 3- and 4-Month-Old Infants: An Advantage of Words over Tones
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Ferry, Alissa L.; Hespos, Susan J.; Waxman, Sandra R. – Child Development, 2010
Neonates prefer human speech to other nonlinguistic auditory stimuli. However, it remains an open question whether there are any conceptual consequences of words on object categorization in infants younger than 6 months. The current study examined the influence of words and tones on object categorization in forty-six 3- to 4-month-old infants.…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Neonates, Classification, Speech Communication
Pragmatics of Sibling Speech to One Year Olds.
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Tomasello, Michael; Mannle, Sara – Child Development, 1985
Preschoolers did use certain aspects of the "child-directed speech" register: they addressed their infant siblings with a high pitch, with relatively short utterances, and with many directives and self-repetitions. However, linguistic interactions of preschool-age siblings and infants were different from those of mothers and infants in several…
Descriptors: Communication Research, Comparative Analysis, Infants, Mothers
When Half a Word Is Enough: Infants Can Recognize Spoken Words Using Partial Phonetic Information.
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Fernald, Anne; Swingley, Daniel; Pinto, John P. – Child Development, 2001
Two experiments tracked infants' eye movements to examine use of word-initial information to understand fluent speech. Results indicated that 21- and 18-month-olds recognized partial words as quickly and reliably as whole words. Infants' productive vocabulary and reaction time were related to word recognition accuracy. Results show that…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Eye Movements