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Eye-Tracking as a Measure of Responsiveness to Joint Attention in Infants at Risk for Autism
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Navab, Anahita; Gillespie-Lynch, Kristen; Johnson, Scott P.; Sigman, Marian; Hutman, Ted – Infancy, 2012
Reduced responsiveness to joint attention (RJA), as assessed by the Early Social Communication Scales (ESCS), is predictive of both subsequent language difficulties and autism diagnosis. Eye-tracking measurement of RJA is a promising prognostic tool because it is highly precise and standardized. However, the construct validity of eye-tracking…
Descriptors: Autism, Construct Validity, Validity, Human Body
Clause Segmentation by 6-Month-Old Infants: A Crosslinguistic Perspective
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Johnson, Elizabeth K.; Seidl, Amanda – Infancy, 2008
Each clause and phrase boundary necessarily aligns with a word boundary. Thus, infants' attention to the edges of clauses and phrases may help them learn some of the language-specific cues defining word boundaries. Attention to prosodically well-formed clauses and phrases may also help infants begin to extract information important for learning…
Descriptors: Infants, Attention, Indo European Languages, Language Acquisition
Mechanisms Underlying Language Acquisition: Benefits from a Comparative Approach
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Weiss, Daniel J.; Newport, Elissa L. – Infancy, 2006
One of the longstanding issues in language research has been the extent to which the mechanisms underlying language acquisition are uniquely human. The primary goal of this article is to introduce the reader to some of the recent developments in comparative language research that have shed new light on this issue. To appreciate the significance of…
Descriptors: Language Research, Infants, Language Acquisition, Comparative Analysis
Expressive Vocabulary in Language Learners from Two Ecological Settings in Three Language Communities
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Bornstein, Marc H.; Cote, Linda R. – Infancy, 2005
This study compared multiple characteristics of girls' and boys' vocabulary in 6 different linguistic communities--1 urban and 1 rural setting in each of 3 countries. Two hundred fifty-two mothers in Argentina, Italy, and the United States completed vocabulary checklists for their 20-month-old children. Individual variability was substantial…
Descriptors: Mothers, Linguistics, Urban Areas, Rural Areas
Why Primates? The Importance of Nonhuman Primates for Understanding Human Infancy
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Weiss, Daniel J.; Santos, Laurie R. – Infancy, 2006
We introduce the thematic collection by noting some striking similarities in the cognitive abilities of human infants and nonhuman primates. What are the implications of these similarities for our comprehension of human infant cognition? After providing a brief historical and conceptual background on comparative behavioral research, we discuss how…
Descriptors: Infants, Cognitive Ability, Animals, Cognitive Development
Infants' Ability to Distinguish between Intentional and Accidental Actions and Its Relation to Internal State Language
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Olineck, Kara M.; Poulin-Dubois, Diane – Infancy, 2005
The experiment reported here investigated infants' concept of intention, as well as the relation among intention understanding, general productive vocabulary, and internal state language production during the 2nd year. Results from an imitation task indicated that 18-month-olds are better able to differentiate between intentional and accidental…
Descriptors: Imitation, Intention, Infants, Cognitive Development