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Deng, W.; Sloutsky, Vladimir M. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2013
What is the role of linguistic labels in inductive generalization? According to one approach labels denote categories and differ from object features, whereas according to another approach labels start out as features and may become category markers in the course of development. This issue was addressed in four experiments with 4- and 5-year-olds…
Descriptors: Linguistics, Classification, Logical Thinking, Generalization
Huang-Pollock, Cynthia L.; Maddox, W. Todd; Karalunas, Sarah L. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
We present two studies that examined developmental differences in the implicit and explicit acquisition of category knowledge. College-attending adults consistently outperformed school-age children on two separate information-integration paradigms due to children's more frequent use of an explicit rule-based strategy. Accuracy rates were also…
Descriptors: Classification, Age Differences, Individual Development, Models
Long, Changquan; Lu, Xiaoying; Zhang, Li; Li, Hong; Deak, Gedeon O. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
Inductive generalization of novel properties to same-category or similar-looking objects was studied in Chinese preschool children. The effects of category labels on generalizations were investigated by comparing basic-level labels, superordinate-level labels, and a control phrase applied to three kinds of stimulus materials: colored photographs…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Child Psychology, Speech Communication, Cartoons
Namy, Laura L.; Clepper, Lauren E. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
Comparison of perceptually similar exemplars from an object category encourages children to overlook compelling perceptual similarities and use relational and functional properties more relevant for taxonomic categorization. This article investigates whether showing children a contrasting object that is perceptually similar but out of kind serves…
Descriptors: Classification, Experimental Psychology, Child Psychology, Comparative Analysis
Graham, Susan A.; Namy, Laura L.; Gentner, Dedre; Meagher, Kristinn – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
We examined the role of the comparison process and shared names on preschoolers' categorization of novel objects. In our studies, 4-year-olds were presented with novel object sets consisting of either one or two standards and two test objects: a shape match and a texture match. When children were presented with one standard, they extended the…
Descriptors: Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Classification, Preschool Children, Comparative Analysis
Schum, Nina; Franz, Volker H.; Jovanovic, Bianca; Schwarzer, Gudrun – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
We investigated whether 6- and 7-year-olds and 9- and 10-year-olds, as well as adults, process object dimensions independent of or in interaction with one another in a perception and action task by adapting Ganel and Goodale's method for testing adults ("Nature", 2003, Vol. 426, pp. 664-667). In addition, we aimed to confirm Ganel and Goodale's…
Descriptors: Evidence, Handicrafts, Visual Perception, Interaction
Bialystok, Ellen – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
Two groups of 8-year-old children who were monolingual or bilingual completed a complex classification task in which they made semantic judgments on stimuli that were presented either visually or auditorily. The task requires coordinating a variety of executive control components, specifically working memory, inhibition, and shifting. When each of…
Descriptors: Semantics, Short Term Memory, Monolingualism, Bilingualism
Berman, Jared M. J.; Chambers, Craig G.; Graham, Susan A. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
An eye tracking methodology was used to evaluate 3- and 4-year-old children's sensitivity to speaker affect when resolving referential ambiguity. Children were presented with pictures of three objects on a screen (including two referents of the same kind, e.g., an intact doll and a broken doll, and one distracter item), paired with a prerecorded…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Form Classes (Languages), Figurative Language, Human Body
Beran, Michael J.; Johnson-Pynn, Julie S.; Ready, Christopher – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2008
The performances of 4- and 5-year-olds and rhesus monkeys were compared using a computerized task for quantity assessment. Participants first learned two quantity anchor values and then responded to intermediate values by classifying them as similar to either the large anchor or the small anchor. Of primary interest was an assessment of where the…
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), Geometric Concepts, Comparative Analysis, Computer Uses in Education

Apperly, I. A.; Robinson, E. J. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2003
Five- and 6-year-olds heard stories in which a character sorted items into two locations. Found that children could reject a report of the character's belief when the character had a false belief more easily than a belief in which an object known to the character was described using an unknown term. Children found it easier to predict incorrect…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Children, Classification, Cognitive Development

Waxman, Sandra R.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1989
Compared 40 3-year-olds' superordinate level classification under 2 experimental conditions. Although there was no mean difference between the 2 conditions, there were striking differences in the distribution of scores. (RJC)
Descriptors: Classification, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Contrast

Arterberry, Martha E.; Bornstein, Marc H. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2001
Investigated 3-month-olds' categorization of animals and vehicles based on static and dynamic attributes. Found that regardless of viewing static or dynamic displays, infants showed habituation to varying exemplars from the same category, dishabituated to an exemplar from a novel category, and showed a novelty preference for a novel-category…
Descriptors: Classification, Comparative Analysis, Habituation, Infant Behavior

Bauer, Richard H. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1979
Descriptors: Children, Classification, Comparative Analysis, Learning Disabilities

Wales, Roger; And Others – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1983
Investigates the effect of presentation context, taxonomy, and age of child on mothers' choices of category names in object-naming tasks. Contextual factors had a primary role in determining mothers' selections of category names, and the three independent variables had a complex and dynamic effect on mothers' naming practices. (Author/CI)
Descriptors: Age, Classification, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis

Ratner, Hilary Horn; Foley, Mary Ann; Gimpert, Nicole – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2002
Three studies involved kindergartners in a categorization task with an adult in collaborative and noncollaborative conditions; tested subjects on memory of who had performed which actions; and asked them to recategorize items independently. Results suggested that one process contributing to children's internalization of knowledge may involve…
Descriptors: Classification, Comparative Analysis, Cooperation, Error Patterns
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