This study examined the relationship between the internal-external control and text anxiety constructs, and academic achievement. The hypothesis that internals would be more successful academically than externals was not supported. (Author)

The analysis of variance, Welch, and Brown and Forsyth tests for mean equality were compared using Monte Carlo methods. The tests' rates of Type I error and power were examined when populations were nonnormal, variances were heterogeneous, and group sizes were unequal. Recommendations for use are presented. (Author/JKS)

Some aspects of simultaneous tests for means are reviewed. Specifically, the comparison of univariate or multivariate normal populations based on the values of the means or mean vectors when the variances or covariance matrices are equal is discussed. Tukey's and Dunnett's tests for multiple comparisons of means, Scheffe's method of examining…

An investigation to compare systematic behavioral observations made live with those made on television was conducted. The study was designed to answer three questions: (1) Is there a difference in the agreement between observers (Os) when both view an event Live and when both view the same event on Television? (2) Is there a difference in…

The terms evaluation, assessment, and appraisal are often used interchangeably in research on schools and pupils. Guidelines for their use and some of the similarities and differences in their meanings are explicated. The concept of evaluation is narrowed to refer to use of information on pupil behavior. Four separate components of…

The assumptions and consequences of applying conventional and newer statistical methods to meta-analytic data sets are reviewed. The application of the two approaches to a meta-analytic data set described by L. V. Hedges (1984) illustrates the differences. Hedges analyzed six studies of the effects of open education on student cooperation. The…

The degree of nonorthogonality in a factorial design was systematically increased. Five methods of dealing with nonorthogonality were selected and applied: two were least squares solutions (Method 1 and Method 2); two were approximate solutions (the unweighted means analysis and the method of expected frequencies); and the fifth was the…

A study of whether the effects of block scheduling on student achievement and attitudes are more advantageous than traditional scheduling was made. The block scheduling treatment involved three required courses on each of four grade levels--freshmen through senior in high school. Interdisciplinary teaching teams were responsible for instruction.…

What a multivariate contrast analysis should entail and how such an analysis should be conducted are discussed. The three questions encompassing a contrast analysis are: (1) whether the contrast effects are generalizable; (2) which variables contribute most to the contrast effects; and (3) what is the construct underlying the contrast effects.…

Addresses applications of the coefficient of variation as a measure of educational inequality or as a means of measuring changes of inequality status. Suggests the Gini coefficient has many advantages over the coefficient of variation since it can be used with the Lorenz curve (Lorenz provides detail Gini omits). (BRR)

The purpose of this study was to compare male high school seniors who are talented in mathematics with male high school seniors who are talented in English as to sense of responsibility, level of anxiety, and sociability. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) No difference will be found in levels of responsibility between male high school…

A factor analysis of test data measuring the results of the Appalachia Preschool Education Program is presented. The program involved three treatments for 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children. A control group as well as the three treatment groups was tested. A total of 20 subtests was administered; the scores on these comprised the variables that were…

Two questions are investigated here: What should the unit of analysis be in investigations of educational effects and on what basis should the units be chosen Under what conditions can relationships among measurements on individuals be estimated from the relationships among measurements on aggregates of individuals? Models using standard analysis…

This paper examines the development and evaluation of criterion-referenced measures, and elaborates on the distinction between them and norm-referenced measures. The concept of sensitivity is introduced as an appropriate method for evaluating such measures, and a sensitivity index is proposed. The traditional model for the response of a subject to…

The central purpose of the study was to determine if a relationship existed between public relations practices and enrollment in secondary level area vocational schools in Texas. Contributing objectives of the study were: (1) to identify the degree to which selected public relations practices were being used as reported by the directors of area…